Music Trade Review
Issue: 1918 Vol. 66 N. 10 - Page 45
Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org, arcade-museum.com -- digitized with support from namm.org
THE
MARCH 9, 1918
THE MAKING OF VARNISH
Great Care Is Necessary to Turn Out Perfect
Varnish—Description of the Process
The making of varnish is a most interesting
operation. The copal gums, which form the
base of nearly all varnishes used in the piano
trade, are received by the varnish maker and
are carefully sorted and graded for the various
kinds of varnish. They are then put into huge
copper kettles mounted on wheels, which are
run under the hood over fires, and melted.
Throughout the operation, a varnish maker is
constantly stirring the mass.
When the resin is entirely melted, the kettle
is withdrawn from the fire, the foam allowed to
settle, and the liquid to cool a very little. Mean-
while the correct amount of linseed oil is being
boiled in the kettles. The oil is added to the
melted^ resin, the mixture being constantly
stirred during the operation. This whole mass
is again placed over the fire and kept at the
proper temperature until a perfectly combined
solution results. It is very essential that this
mass "cooks" exactly right. If undercooked,
the varnish is likely to disintegrate when ap-
plied, and if overcooked, it will be darker in
color and will require more turpentine in the
thinning. As this evaporates when the varnish
is applied, it leaves a thinner permanent cover-
ing, and affords less protection to the varnished
article.
Finally, the requisite amount of turpentine is
added to the oil-and-resin solution. It is stirred
slowly into the mass while the latter is still
quite hot.
To insure absolute uniformity of product, var-
nish must be ripened in large tanks for a period
Robert L Kapp Co., Inc.
Makers of
HIGH GRADE
GRAND
UPRIGHT
PLAYER
HAMMERS
Auk for our " Super Strons: " Hammer, the
sides of which are made double strfiipth
by (i special process
767 East 133d Street
NEW YORK
MUSIC
TRADE
45
REVIEW
varying from three to twelve months, according
to the grade. This makes it necessary to have
huge storage capacity.
In review, it may be said that the quality of
varnish depends upon four things—the care in
making, the quality of the ingredients, the pro-
portions employed, and the time consumed in
ripening.
And when you're satisfied
that we've the best punch-
ings on the market, cut
clean and accurately from
the best of material in cellu-
loid, cloth, felt, fibre,
leather, paper, rubber or
whatever you want, give
us credit and send your
orders to
THE SAP STAIN SEASON
Careful Drying Will Prevent Sap Stain on Ve-
neer That Otherwise Would Be Disfigured
No matter what the grading rule men say, sap
stain on any kind of veneer or lumber product
is a defect which lowers its value. Therefore
preventive measures are always in order when
the sap stain season comes along.
The best and simplest preventive is immediate
drying. In the lumber world one of the ac-
cepted tests of dryness in dressed stock is by
piling the stock in bulk in a shed. If it will
stand the bulk piling under shelter without stain-
ing it is considered as shipping dry. If this
means anything it means that when veneer is
made reasonably dry immediately after it is
manufactured, it can be piled in bulk under
shelter or tied into bundles without danger or
sap stain. On the other hand, wet stock, fresh
from the machines, will at some periods in the
summer start to staining within twenty-four
hours.
Plainly, then, during the sap-stain season is a
time when the drying end of the business should
be looked to carefully, the drying equipment
operated to full capacity, and if necessary in-
creased to take care of stock as fast as it is cut.
Indeed, it were better to slow down the cutting
end than to pile stock and let it stain while
waiting to be dried. Anyway, every veneer plant
manager should keep the fact before him dur-
ing the summer season that the best preventive
for sap stain is to keep the drying right up with
the cutting.
C F GDEPELACD
137 E A S T I3 T -* ST.
NEW YORK
PIANO PLATES
A NEW QUALITY
QUICK DELIVERY
PHONE US
Matawan Steel and Iron Co.
Matawan
The Ohio Veneer Co.
CINCINNATI, O.
Importers and Manufacturers of Figured
Mahogany and Foreign Woods for high-
grade piano cases and cabinets.
TO DO BUSINESS IN NEW YORK
The Glidden Co., of Cleveland, (.)., manufac-
turers of varnish, paints and oils, capital $2,500,-
000, have tiled a notice to do business in Xew
York State, with C. L. Phillips, of 363 West
34th Street, as local representative.
GEO. W. BRAUNSDORF, Inc.
New Jersey
m
N*w York Office and Samplm Room =
Grand Central Palace BIdg
Lexington Are. and 46 h St.
G. H. VAUGHAN, Eastern R i retentanV*
Mil
'lii
Manufacturer* ol
Toners' Trade
Solicited
PAPER, FELT AND CLOTH PUNCHINGS
BRIDLE STRAPS. FIBRE WASHERS AND BRIDGES
FOR PIANOS, ORGANS AND PLAYER ACTIONS
e 0 r
pI
Xr" .o d p"?e iT-t
Established 18S3
Office and Factory: 428 East 53d Street, New York
SYLVESTER TOWER CO.
Towers Above
All Others
Manufacturers
ol
Keys. Actions, Hammers, Brackets and Nickel Rail Furnished Complete
131 to 147 Broadway
.
.
.
.
CAMBRIDGEPORT, MASS.
WESSELL, NICKEL & GROSS
MANUFACTURERS
OF
Now is the time to try Behlen's Varnish
Crack Eradicator, then later on when you
have a hurry-up job you will know how
to overcome the time, as well as the price
question.
By eliminating the cracks and checks, it
saves the time, trouble Bnd expense of
scraping off the old varnish and shellac,
giving you as fine a surface on which to
work as you could possibly wish for.
Write for sample can today and try it.
PIANO
ACTIONS
HIGHEST GRADE
ONE GRADE ONLY
H.
Behlen & Bro
Anilines ^ ^ s . ^Stains
OFFICE
457 WEST FORTY-FIFTH ST.
FACTORIES—WEST FORTY-FIFTH ST.
Tenth Avenue and West Forty-Sixth Street
NEW YORK
371
Shellacs S J g ^ Fillers
PEARL ST., NEW YORK
A. C. CHENEY PIANO ACTION CO.
Manufacturers of
PNEUMATIC ACTIONS FOR PLAYER-PIANOS
HIGH-GRADE PIANOFORTE ACTIONS
CASTLETON, NEW YORK
THE
MARCH 9, 1918
THE MAKING OF VARNISH
Great Care Is Necessary to Turn Out Perfect
Varnish—Description of the Process
The making of varnish is a most interesting
operation. The copal gums, which form the
base of nearly all varnishes used in the piano
trade, are received by the varnish maker and
are carefully sorted and graded for the various
kinds of varnish. They are then put into huge
copper kettles mounted on wheels, which are
run under the hood over fires, and melted.
Throughout the operation, a varnish maker is
constantly stirring the mass.
When the resin is entirely melted, the kettle
is withdrawn from the fire, the foam allowed to
settle, and the liquid to cool a very little. Mean-
while the correct amount of linseed oil is being
boiled in the kettles. The oil is added to the
melted^ resin, the mixture being constantly
stirred during the operation. This whole mass
is again placed over the fire and kept at the
proper temperature until a perfectly combined
solution results. It is very essential that this
mass "cooks" exactly right. If undercooked,
the varnish is likely to disintegrate when ap-
plied, and if overcooked, it will be darker in
color and will require more turpentine in the
thinning. As this evaporates when the varnish
is applied, it leaves a thinner permanent cover-
ing, and affords less protection to the varnished
article.
Finally, the requisite amount of turpentine is
added to the oil-and-resin solution. It is stirred
slowly into the mass while the latter is still
quite hot.
To insure absolute uniformity of product, var-
nish must be ripened in large tanks for a period
Robert L Kapp Co., Inc.
Makers of
HIGH GRADE
GRAND
UPRIGHT
PLAYER
HAMMERS
Auk for our " Super Strons: " Hammer, the
sides of which are made double strfiipth
by (i special process
767 East 133d Street
NEW YORK
MUSIC
TRADE
45
REVIEW
varying from three to twelve months, according
to the grade. This makes it necessary to have
huge storage capacity.
In review, it may be said that the quality of
varnish depends upon four things—the care in
making, the quality of the ingredients, the pro-
portions employed, and the time consumed in
ripening.
And when you're satisfied
that we've the best punch-
ings on the market, cut
clean and accurately from
the best of material in cellu-
loid, cloth, felt, fibre,
leather, paper, rubber or
whatever you want, give
us credit and send your
orders to
THE SAP STAIN SEASON
Careful Drying Will Prevent Sap Stain on Ve-
neer That Otherwise Would Be Disfigured
No matter what the grading rule men say, sap
stain on any kind of veneer or lumber product
is a defect which lowers its value. Therefore
preventive measures are always in order when
the sap stain season comes along.
The best and simplest preventive is immediate
drying. In the lumber world one of the ac-
cepted tests of dryness in dressed stock is by
piling the stock in bulk in a shed. If it will
stand the bulk piling under shelter without stain-
ing it is considered as shipping dry. If this
means anything it means that when veneer is
made reasonably dry immediately after it is
manufactured, it can be piled in bulk under
shelter or tied into bundles without danger or
sap stain. On the other hand, wet stock, fresh
from the machines, will at some periods in the
summer start to staining within twenty-four
hours.
Plainly, then, during the sap-stain season is a
time when the drying end of the business should
be looked to carefully, the drying equipment
operated to full capacity, and if necessary in-
creased to take care of stock as fast as it is cut.
Indeed, it were better to slow down the cutting
end than to pile stock and let it stain while
waiting to be dried. Anyway, every veneer plant
manager should keep the fact before him dur-
ing the summer season that the best preventive
for sap stain is to keep the drying right up with
the cutting.
C F GDEPELACD
137 E A S T I3 T -* ST.
NEW YORK
PIANO PLATES
A NEW QUALITY
QUICK DELIVERY
PHONE US
Matawan Steel and Iron Co.
Matawan
The Ohio Veneer Co.
CINCINNATI, O.
Importers and Manufacturers of Figured
Mahogany and Foreign Woods for high-
grade piano cases and cabinets.
TO DO BUSINESS IN NEW YORK
The Glidden Co., of Cleveland, (.)., manufac-
turers of varnish, paints and oils, capital $2,500,-
000, have tiled a notice to do business in Xew
York State, with C. L. Phillips, of 363 West
34th Street, as local representative.
GEO. W. BRAUNSDORF, Inc.
New Jersey
m
N*w York Office and Samplm Room =
Grand Central Palace BIdg
Lexington Are. and 46 h St.
G. H. VAUGHAN, Eastern R i retentanV*
Mil
'lii
Manufacturer* ol
Toners' Trade
Solicited
PAPER, FELT AND CLOTH PUNCHINGS
BRIDLE STRAPS. FIBRE WASHERS AND BRIDGES
FOR PIANOS, ORGANS AND PLAYER ACTIONS
e 0 r
pI
Xr" .o d p"?e iT-t
Established 18S3
Office and Factory: 428 East 53d Street, New York
SYLVESTER TOWER CO.
Towers Above
All Others
Manufacturers
ol
Keys. Actions, Hammers, Brackets and Nickel Rail Furnished Complete
131 to 147 Broadway
.
.
.
.
CAMBRIDGEPORT, MASS.
WESSELL, NICKEL & GROSS
MANUFACTURERS
OF
Now is the time to try Behlen's Varnish
Crack Eradicator, then later on when you
have a hurry-up job you will know how
to overcome the time, as well as the price
question.
By eliminating the cracks and checks, it
saves the time, trouble Bnd expense of
scraping off the old varnish and shellac,
giving you as fine a surface on which to
work as you could possibly wish for.
Write for sample can today and try it.
PIANO
ACTIONS
HIGHEST GRADE
ONE GRADE ONLY
H.
Behlen & Bro
Anilines ^ ^ s . ^Stains
OFFICE
457 WEST FORTY-FIFTH ST.
FACTORIES—WEST FORTY-FIFTH ST.
Tenth Avenue and West Forty-Sixth Street
NEW YORK
371
Shellacs S J g ^ Fillers
PEARL ST., NEW YORK
A. C. CHENEY PIANO ACTION CO.
Manufacturers of
PNEUMATIC ACTIONS FOR PLAYER-PIANOS
HIGH-GRADE PIANOFORTE ACTIONS
CASTLETON, NEW YORK
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