Music Trade Review
Issue: 1916 Vol. 62 N. 4 - Page 51
Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org, arcade-museum.com -- digitized with support from namm.org
47
THE MUSIC TRADE REVIEW
GLUE ROOM TEMPERATURE NEEDS CAREFUL ATTENTION.
Direct Relation Between Temperature of Glue and Room Where It Is Used Explained—Some
Suggestions as to Proper Methods of Heating and Some Common Mistakes Pointed Out.
The temperature of the glue room is a most im-
portant feature in piano work which too often is
either misunderstood or else neglected, with the
result that maximum efficiency is not obtained in
the amount or quality of the work done. The tem-
perature of the glue room should be kept station-
ary, as nearly as possible, and in any event a
variation of more than ten degrees should not be
permitted. Roughly speaking, the warmer the glue
room the cooler the glue can be used. For ex-
ample, if the temperature of the room is 75 de-
grees and the temperature of the glue is kept at
155 degrees, by raising the room temperature to
90 degrees the same results can be obtained with
glue that is heated only to 140 degrees. As a gen-
eral proposition, a 10 degree increase in room
temperature will allow a 10 per cent, decrease in
glue temperature, and vice versa. This rule is not
capable of indefinite extension, however, because
glue below a certain temperature will not dissolve
readily, and heating above a certain point injures
the glue. A little observation will readily deter-
mine the relative temperatures which should exist
for the best work, and when this is ascertained ef-
fort should be made to keep the temperatures of
both room and glue as unvarying as possible.
The temperature of the stock to be glued is
another important factor. Stock that has been
stored in an open or unheated shed, and is brought
in icy cold and started through a glue machine,
will result in inferior work. As a rule, the stock
room for veneers should be kept at the same tem-
perature as is the glue room. In any event, it is
much better to bring stock into the glue room
epctra hot than it is to bring in cold stock, for
while superheated stock will take the glue, cold
stock will not work as it should.
If glue is soaked thoroughly it can readily be
used at the lowest practical temperature, for care-
ful and thorough soaking in cool or cold water
tends to make the glue become more uniform and
satisfactory when used at a low temperature than
it will if it is not so prepared. The soaking should
be done in a room where the temperature of both
the room and the waiter is kept at about 60 degrees.
Where the right temperature is obtained and main-
tained carefully, soaking over night will be suffi-
cient to render the glue workable, but a little prac-
tice will determine exactly how long the glue
should be soaked.
Glue rooms should be heated with steam radia-
tors rather than by hot blast heating. Blasts of hot
air blown into the glue room result in a very rapid
absorption of the moisture of the glue, which will
set too fast and not effect a perfect union. Hot
air heating is excellent for stock rooms because
of its tendency to absorb moisture, but this char-
acteristic renders it inadvisable for the glue room,
where other means of heating can be obtained. Hot
air heating is possible in glue rooms when it is
used in connection with some of the latest scien-
tific methods of conditioning and distributing air.
This involves passing the air through a curtain of
water before it goes through the heating coils, and
then distributing the heated and dampened air in
such a manner that no draughts are caused. This
system, when properly- installed, sometimes gives
better results than does steam heating, but unless
the proper apparatus is scientifically installed the
steam radiator answers the purpose far better than
does a blast of hot air shot in the glue room at in-
The Ohio Veneer Co.
CINCINNATI, O.
Importers a n d Manufacturers of
Figured Mahogany, Circassian Wal-
nut and Foreign Woods for high-
grade piano cases and cabinets.
New York OtRcm and Samplm J?*om
Grand Central Palace Building
Lexington Ave. and 46th St.
G. H. VAUGHAN, Eastern RepresratatiTe
tervals. Changing from one brand of glue to another
is not conducive to good work. When workmen be-
come used to a certain kind of glue it is a mistake
to change to another brand unless the brand used
deteriorates to a perceptible degree, and reliable
.brands of glue are known to run true to their set
standard. It is a grave mistake to try and econo-
mize in the use of glue by using too much water in
the mixture. Some glues are advertised to be used
in a mixture of three to one, yet experience shows
that this percentage is usually rather unsafe. A
little experimentation will soon show the amount
of water which can be used with good results, and
any deviation from that amount is liable to result
in poor and unsatisfactory work.
PATENT FOR PIANO=BACK DEVICE.
By Means of This Patent the Back May Be Re-
moved and Supported, Thus Affording Easy
Access to the Interior of the Instrument.
(Special to The Review.)
WASHINGTON, D. C, January 17.—Patent No.
1,167,436 was last week granted to Otto Schwem-
berger, Cincinnati, O., for a means for detaching
and supporting the back of a piano, one-third of
which he has assigned to Domenico Venosa, Jr.,
and one-third to Orrin Cady, Cincinnati, and re-
lates to pianos and particularly to means em-
ployed for separating and detaching the front
portion from the back portion thereof, said back
portion consisting of the back proper, the sound-
ing board, the string frame and strings thereto
attached.
The object of the invention is to obtain easy
and ready access to the inner parts of a piano for
the following purposes: First, to make repairs
thereon, thereby saving a very great deal over the
usual cost thereof; second, to attach thereto auto-
matic music rolls and means for operating the
same; third, to make such immediate repairs and
adjustment of strings or other parts as a piano
player might be able to do; fourth, to tune the
piano in the regular and usual manner and make
such repairs as a piano tuner is able to make;
fifth, to facilitate the handling of a piano in
moving the same and lessen the danger of injury
thereto in the moving process.
FINISHING BIRIVS-EYE MAPLE.
Important Pointers Relating to the Work of
This Very Attractive Wood, by Walter Wit-
cox, in Veneers—His Views Will Be Found
of General Interest to the Piano Trade.
And when you're satisfied
that we've the best punch-
ings on the market, cut
clean and accurately from
the best of material in cellu-
loid, cloth, felt, fibre,
leather, paper, rubber or
whatever you want, give
us credit and send your
orders to
C.EG0EPEL*C0
137 E A S T I3 T -* ST.
NEW
YORK
used for bodying up. This wood does not require
to be heavily coated to get a good finish. If the
goods are to be rubbed dull just enough varnish to
stand rubbing smooth with oil and pumice is all
that is required. If they are to be polished, a little
heavier body will be needed.
Those who use bleached shellac for this or any
other purpose would do well to buy the gum and
dissolve it themselves. This is about the only way
that one can be quite sure of getting pure shellac.
And it costs no more this way than to buy it in
liquid form. In fact, it usually costs less.
SPECIALIZES INJVUJSICAL PATENTS.
Norman T. W hi taker, Formerly Connected
with Patent Office, Will Devote Particular
Attention to Patents for Music Trade.
Norman T. Whitaker, until recently an assistant
examiner in the United States Patent Office, is a
musician of repute and has invented several things
relative to the construction and use of musical in-
struments. His work in the patent office was di-
rectly associated with the division where musical
patents are examined, and since leaving the employ
of the Government Mr. Whitaker has opened
offices in Washington and will take up patent work,
with special attention to patents appertaining to
pianos, talking machines and other musical instru-
ments. Mr. Whitaker is a mechanical engineer,
an attorney-at-law and enjoys an international repu-
tation as a chess player.
Bird's-eye maple should be finished with as little
color being imparted as possible. While bleaching
Consult the universal Want Directory of
U not to be recommended for most woods, with
The Review. In it advertisements are inserted
birdseye maple it is different. Dark streaks should
be removed as much as possible, and some of the free of charge for men who desire positions
veneer mills are doing this. But the bleaching is in of any kind.
vain if the finisher does not know how to finish
the wood in order to retain the natural clearness.
Some bird's-eye woods are difficult to clean up,
owing to the tendency of some of the eyes to fall
out. The holes left should be filled up 'before finishing
BRANCH OFFICES
begins. To do this take a quantity of maple dust
(fine sawdust) and add enough thin glue to bind
Cbieato
iHINGES
it together into a stiff paste. Put a little glue size
110 No. Fifth AT«
in the hole to be filled, and, while the paste is yet
San Francueo
soft and workable, press a small quantity into the
164 Hantford Bids.
hole. When all are filled, set away to harden
before cleaning up.
Lot Anselct
If the holes are not noticed until the process of
224 Central Bldf.
finishing has commenced, a composition may be
Minneapolis
made the same as above, except that bleached shel-
3416 Second ATC.SO
lac is used instead of glue. Glaze the hole with
Illustrated Catalog S
mailed on request.
shellac before putting in the composition. This
will help to hold it in more firmly.
The finishing materials used for finishing this
wood should be the palest that can be obtained.
Bleached shellac should be the first coat. Demar
varnish or any other good pale varnish may be
SOSSl
INVISIBLE
47
THE MUSIC TRADE REVIEW
GLUE ROOM TEMPERATURE NEEDS CAREFUL ATTENTION.
Direct Relation Between Temperature of Glue and Room Where It Is Used Explained—Some
Suggestions as to Proper Methods of Heating and Some Common Mistakes Pointed Out.
The temperature of the glue room is a most im-
portant feature in piano work which too often is
either misunderstood or else neglected, with the
result that maximum efficiency is not obtained in
the amount or quality of the work done. The tem-
perature of the glue room should be kept station-
ary, as nearly as possible, and in any event a
variation of more than ten degrees should not be
permitted. Roughly speaking, the warmer the glue
room the cooler the glue can be used. For ex-
ample, if the temperature of the room is 75 de-
grees and the temperature of the glue is kept at
155 degrees, by raising the room temperature to
90 degrees the same results can be obtained with
glue that is heated only to 140 degrees. As a gen-
eral proposition, a 10 degree increase in room
temperature will allow a 10 per cent, decrease in
glue temperature, and vice versa. This rule is not
capable of indefinite extension, however, because
glue below a certain temperature will not dissolve
readily, and heating above a certain point injures
the glue. A little observation will readily deter-
mine the relative temperatures which should exist
for the best work, and when this is ascertained ef-
fort should be made to keep the temperatures of
both room and glue as unvarying as possible.
The temperature of the stock to be glued is
another important factor. Stock that has been
stored in an open or unheated shed, and is brought
in icy cold and started through a glue machine,
will result in inferior work. As a rule, the stock
room for veneers should be kept at the same tem-
perature as is the glue room. In any event, it is
much better to bring stock into the glue room
epctra hot than it is to bring in cold stock, for
while superheated stock will take the glue, cold
stock will not work as it should.
If glue is soaked thoroughly it can readily be
used at the lowest practical temperature, for care-
ful and thorough soaking in cool or cold water
tends to make the glue become more uniform and
satisfactory when used at a low temperature than
it will if it is not so prepared. The soaking should
be done in a room where the temperature of both
the room and the waiter is kept at about 60 degrees.
Where the right temperature is obtained and main-
tained carefully, soaking over night will be suffi-
cient to render the glue workable, but a little prac-
tice will determine exactly how long the glue
should be soaked.
Glue rooms should be heated with steam radia-
tors rather than by hot blast heating. Blasts of hot
air blown into the glue room result in a very rapid
absorption of the moisture of the glue, which will
set too fast and not effect a perfect union. Hot
air heating is excellent for stock rooms because
of its tendency to absorb moisture, but this char-
acteristic renders it inadvisable for the glue room,
where other means of heating can be obtained. Hot
air heating is possible in glue rooms when it is
used in connection with some of the latest scien-
tific methods of conditioning and distributing air.
This involves passing the air through a curtain of
water before it goes through the heating coils, and
then distributing the heated and dampened air in
such a manner that no draughts are caused. This
system, when properly- installed, sometimes gives
better results than does steam heating, but unless
the proper apparatus is scientifically installed the
steam radiator answers the purpose far better than
does a blast of hot air shot in the glue room at in-
The Ohio Veneer Co.
CINCINNATI, O.
Importers a n d Manufacturers of
Figured Mahogany, Circassian Wal-
nut and Foreign Woods for high-
grade piano cases and cabinets.
New York OtRcm and Samplm J?*om
Grand Central Palace Building
Lexington Ave. and 46th St.
G. H. VAUGHAN, Eastern RepresratatiTe
tervals. Changing from one brand of glue to another
is not conducive to good work. When workmen be-
come used to a certain kind of glue it is a mistake
to change to another brand unless the brand used
deteriorates to a perceptible degree, and reliable
.brands of glue are known to run true to their set
standard. It is a grave mistake to try and econo-
mize in the use of glue by using too much water in
the mixture. Some glues are advertised to be used
in a mixture of three to one, yet experience shows
that this percentage is usually rather unsafe. A
little experimentation will soon show the amount
of water which can be used with good results, and
any deviation from that amount is liable to result
in poor and unsatisfactory work.
PATENT FOR PIANO=BACK DEVICE.
By Means of This Patent the Back May Be Re-
moved and Supported, Thus Affording Easy
Access to the Interior of the Instrument.
(Special to The Review.)
WASHINGTON, D. C, January 17.—Patent No.
1,167,436 was last week granted to Otto Schwem-
berger, Cincinnati, O., for a means for detaching
and supporting the back of a piano, one-third of
which he has assigned to Domenico Venosa, Jr.,
and one-third to Orrin Cady, Cincinnati, and re-
lates to pianos and particularly to means em-
ployed for separating and detaching the front
portion from the back portion thereof, said back
portion consisting of the back proper, the sound-
ing board, the string frame and strings thereto
attached.
The object of the invention is to obtain easy
and ready access to the inner parts of a piano for
the following purposes: First, to make repairs
thereon, thereby saving a very great deal over the
usual cost thereof; second, to attach thereto auto-
matic music rolls and means for operating the
same; third, to make such immediate repairs and
adjustment of strings or other parts as a piano
player might be able to do; fourth, to tune the
piano in the regular and usual manner and make
such repairs as a piano tuner is able to make;
fifth, to facilitate the handling of a piano in
moving the same and lessen the danger of injury
thereto in the moving process.
FINISHING BIRIVS-EYE MAPLE.
Important Pointers Relating to the Work of
This Very Attractive Wood, by Walter Wit-
cox, in Veneers—His Views Will Be Found
of General Interest to the Piano Trade.
And when you're satisfied
that we've the best punch-
ings on the market, cut
clean and accurately from
the best of material in cellu-
loid, cloth, felt, fibre,
leather, paper, rubber or
whatever you want, give
us credit and send your
orders to
C.EG0EPEL*C0
137 E A S T I3 T -* ST.
NEW
YORK
used for bodying up. This wood does not require
to be heavily coated to get a good finish. If the
goods are to be rubbed dull just enough varnish to
stand rubbing smooth with oil and pumice is all
that is required. If they are to be polished, a little
heavier body will be needed.
Those who use bleached shellac for this or any
other purpose would do well to buy the gum and
dissolve it themselves. This is about the only way
that one can be quite sure of getting pure shellac.
And it costs no more this way than to buy it in
liquid form. In fact, it usually costs less.
SPECIALIZES INJVUJSICAL PATENTS.
Norman T. W hi taker, Formerly Connected
with Patent Office, Will Devote Particular
Attention to Patents for Music Trade.
Norman T. Whitaker, until recently an assistant
examiner in the United States Patent Office, is a
musician of repute and has invented several things
relative to the construction and use of musical in-
struments. His work in the patent office was di-
rectly associated with the division where musical
patents are examined, and since leaving the employ
of the Government Mr. Whitaker has opened
offices in Washington and will take up patent work,
with special attention to patents appertaining to
pianos, talking machines and other musical instru-
ments. Mr. Whitaker is a mechanical engineer,
an attorney-at-law and enjoys an international repu-
tation as a chess player.
Bird's-eye maple should be finished with as little
color being imparted as possible. While bleaching
Consult the universal Want Directory of
U not to be recommended for most woods, with
The Review. In it advertisements are inserted
birdseye maple it is different. Dark streaks should
be removed as much as possible, and some of the free of charge for men who desire positions
veneer mills are doing this. But the bleaching is in of any kind.
vain if the finisher does not know how to finish
the wood in order to retain the natural clearness.
Some bird's-eye woods are difficult to clean up,
owing to the tendency of some of the eyes to fall
out. The holes left should be filled up 'before finishing
BRANCH OFFICES
begins. To do this take a quantity of maple dust
(fine sawdust) and add enough thin glue to bind
Cbieato
iHINGES
it together into a stiff paste. Put a little glue size
110 No. Fifth AT«
in the hole to be filled, and, while the paste is yet
San Francueo
soft and workable, press a small quantity into the
164 Hantford Bids.
hole. When all are filled, set away to harden
before cleaning up.
Lot Anselct
If the holes are not noticed until the process of
224 Central Bldf.
finishing has commenced, a composition may be
Minneapolis
made the same as above, except that bleached shel-
3416 Second ATC.SO
lac is used instead of glue. Glaze the hole with
Illustrated Catalog S
mailed on request.
shellac before putting in the composition. This
will help to hold it in more firmly.
The finishing materials used for finishing this
wood should be the palest that can be obtained.
Bleached shellac should be the first coat. Demar
varnish or any other good pale varnish may be
SOSSl
INVISIBLE
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