Music Trade Review
Issue: 1906 Vol. 42 N. 7 - Page 42
Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org, arcade-museum.com -- digitized with support from namm.org
THE MUSIC TRADE
42
STRINGS AND STRENGTH.
The Wonderful Properties of Cat Gut—The
Violin E String Has a Breaking Strain Equal
to Sixty Thousand Pounda Per Square Inch
—Some Interesting Facts in This Con-
nection.
Catgut as used in violin strings has the spe-
cific scientific interest that it is an elastic solid
which is intermediate in its properties between
rubber and the metals. An examination of its
elastic properties has lately been undertaken for
the Carnegie institution by Dr. J. R. Benton, and
a preliminary note discloses some interesting re-
sults. For example, the E string of a violin,
which was the example of catgut used in the
experiments, was shown to have a breaking strain
equal to 60,000 pounds per square inch. It is
therefore nearly as strong as copper wire, and
must be classed as one of the strongest organic
substances, far exceeding all kinds of wood (less
than 20,000 pounds to the square inch), leather
(5,000 pounds per square inch), and hemp ropes
(15,000 pounds per square inch). Musical
strings, as sold, are twisted, and tend to untwist
when subject to tension, and to twist up again
when tension is removed. In order to study their
elasticity the twist had to be removed, which
was done by soaking the string in hot water.
In these circumstances the string becomes very
soft and contracts greatly in length. It then
behaves very much like rubber and can be
stretched like an elastic band. The tendency of
E strings to break in dry weather is well known,
and is due, of course, to the tendency of the
string to contract with the decrease of moisture.
The actual tension required on a violin E string
to produce the proper pitch of 640 vibrations a
second was computed by Dr. Benton by the well-
known formula for the transverse vibrations of
strings. It works out at about half the break-
ing load, so that when a violin E string is strik-
ing its proper note it is sustaining a strain equal
to about 30,000 pounds to the square inch.
REVIEW
dolins and guitars in their cases. Since busi-
ness conditions are shaping themselves all over
the world, they are finding considerable increase
in their export orders, and that part of their
business promises to be larger than ever before
this year, as the fame of the Stewart instrument
is known and recognized all over the world.
DISCOVERS STRADIVARIUS.
Kubelik Has a Strike of Luck in New York.
Kubelik is said to have discovered a lost or
hitherto unknown Stradivarius violin in a New
York second-hand shop during his visit to this
city. The specimen, though very dingy in ap-
pearance and slightly battered, is unimpaired.
Genuine Stradavarii are very rare and are al-
most priceless. Kubelik has one that was pre-
sented to him by Emperor Francis Josef of Aus-
tria that is valued at $14,000. His find is scarcely
inferior.
Kubelik has a hobby for frequenting music in-
strument stores. Knowing that there are left a
few violins made by the old masters from proc-
esses whose secret dies with them, he has always
had a hope of finding one in some out of the way
place. He went into this musty instrument store
in New York and asked to see some old violins.
He tried a half dozen that proved ordinary and
then he drew his bow across one which gave
forth tones as full as those of his own "Strad."
Close inspection convinced him he had found a
prize.
Kubelik paid $50 for the violin, and he used it
later at a concert in New York, when a jury or
experts pronounced it genuine.
The largest stock west of the Mississippi
River, everything up to date. IT WILL PAY
YOU TO WRITE TO-DAY.
Koerber-Brenner Music Company
1006 Olive Street, ST. LOUIS
J. F. KALBE'S
VERA IMPERIAL ACCORDEONS
N
e
w
bearing the well-known "Anchor
Brand," are, in tone, workman-
ship and finish, unsurpassed. They
are sold exclusively to first-class
Importers and Dealers at factory
prices without between profits.
For further particulars, apply to
Wm. R. Gratz Import Co.
11 East Twenty-Second Street, New York City
—THE-
WM. R. GRATZ IMPORT CO.,
II East 22nd St., New York City,
Sole Ageats for
ANTOINB COURTOIS AND BOHLAND & FUCHS'
Band Instruments and Saxophones;
LBFEVRE, LECOMTB AND MERCADIBR
Clarionets;
Fried rich August Helmerdlng, Chadwlck, J. Strauss,
Koschat, E. Bausch, Hammlg and Bauer & Durr-
schmidt's Violins and Bows; Qustav Bernadel and
Koschat Rosin; Imperial, Empress, U. S., and Qrand
Solo Accordeons, and Concertinas; Empress Mouth
Harmonicas.
Catalogs forwarded on request free of charge.
MR. DEALER:
You Need Two Things This
New Year
and th« B A U E R . Mandolins and Guitars
lst-LYON & HEALY MANDOLINS, GUI-
TARS AND VIOLINS.
2nd--SIEGEL-MYERS' MUSIC LESSONS
TO GIVE AWAY WITH THEM.
O u i d l i n HttdqutrUre, N0RDH1IMER PIANO 6 MUSIC CO, Teraate, OnttrU.
410-12 N. STM «T..
Small Goods
THE STANDARD OF THE WORLD
SSFGINAL S. S. STEWART BANJO
Ptclflc Coast Afents, SHIRMAN, CLAY 6 CO* San Frindsco, Ctl.
THE BAVER CO.
NEW FIRM
NEW GOODS
NEW PRICES
HOHNER'S CELEBRATED CREATIONS.
The constant demand for the Hohner line of
accordeons and harmonicas speaks louder than
words for the popularity of their celebrated line.
The jobbers have lately been placing some very
large orders, and so far this year they have not
experienced what is commonly called "a dull
STEWART BANJOS FOR EXPORT TRADE. season." The line of novelties that they intro-
duced to the trade last fall have proved far more
successful than was anticipated, and the dealers
(Special to The Review »
have expressed themselves as very highly pleased
Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 13, 1906.
The dealers in the smaller musical instruments with their efforts to give them a salable article.
are in very good shape in Philadelphia. The They have an unusually large stock in their
Bauer Co. have more orders on their books for warerooms at 354 Broadway, New York, ready to
spring and summer trade than they have ever meet any possible demand, as it is their policy to
had before, and with their present facilities they protect their jobbers in every possible way.
are able to fill all of them with promptness and
The Griggs Music House, of Kewanee, III., are
dispatch. This company is turning out a finer
class of instruments than ever before, and have moving to new and larger quarters on Second
many beautiful specimens of art banjos, man- street, that city.
UAMUFACTUSXP BY
Among other visitors in New'York during the
•week were S. R. Harcourt, of Bollmann Bros.
Co., St. Louis, Mo., and Mr. Athertoii, manager of
the Amphion Co., Elbridge, N. Y.
THE GRAND PRIZE
Awirdid the C G.
Conn B a n d , Or-
c h e s t r a *nd S o l o
I n s t r u m e n t s , Is
merely • new icknowl-
tdgroent ol what was
lont ago conceded,
n a m e l y , t h a i the
" W o n d e r s " are un-
paralleled In any excel-
lence or quality that goes
to make up a P e r f e c t
•nd I d e a l Instrument.
The Holidays Are
A l m o s t H e r e , wb ch
suggetta that a gift o
y o u r f r i e n d of a
"GRAND PRIZE" la
strument would make a
present that would
charm and delight :: ::
Send for large ILLUS-
TRATED
CATA-
L O G U E t e l l i n g all
about them ::
c . G. CONN CO,, Elkliart, Indiana
P. S.—The Woadcr lastramsats are scat ea trial and FULLY
GUARANTEED
Hundreds of dealers all over the country are doubling
their sales.
No cost whatever nor trouble to you, but a magnifi-
cent extra value for your customers.
You increase your sales by giving free $25.00 or
$50.00 worth of lessons with every instrument.
Write for full particulars.
LYON & HEALY,
Chicago
YORK
Band Instruments
SEND JTOJt A[EW
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE
J. W.YORK <& SONS
B&.nd Instruments
GRAND RAPIDS
MICH.
THE MUSIC TRADE
42
STRINGS AND STRENGTH.
The Wonderful Properties of Cat Gut—The
Violin E String Has a Breaking Strain Equal
to Sixty Thousand Pounda Per Square Inch
—Some Interesting Facts in This Con-
nection.
Catgut as used in violin strings has the spe-
cific scientific interest that it is an elastic solid
which is intermediate in its properties between
rubber and the metals. An examination of its
elastic properties has lately been undertaken for
the Carnegie institution by Dr. J. R. Benton, and
a preliminary note discloses some interesting re-
sults. For example, the E string of a violin,
which was the example of catgut used in the
experiments, was shown to have a breaking strain
equal to 60,000 pounds per square inch. It is
therefore nearly as strong as copper wire, and
must be classed as one of the strongest organic
substances, far exceeding all kinds of wood (less
than 20,000 pounds to the square inch), leather
(5,000 pounds per square inch), and hemp ropes
(15,000 pounds per square inch). Musical
strings, as sold, are twisted, and tend to untwist
when subject to tension, and to twist up again
when tension is removed. In order to study their
elasticity the twist had to be removed, which
was done by soaking the string in hot water.
In these circumstances the string becomes very
soft and contracts greatly in length. It then
behaves very much like rubber and can be
stretched like an elastic band. The tendency of
E strings to break in dry weather is well known,
and is due, of course, to the tendency of the
string to contract with the decrease of moisture.
The actual tension required on a violin E string
to produce the proper pitch of 640 vibrations a
second was computed by Dr. Benton by the well-
known formula for the transverse vibrations of
strings. It works out at about half the break-
ing load, so that when a violin E string is strik-
ing its proper note it is sustaining a strain equal
to about 30,000 pounds to the square inch.
REVIEW
dolins and guitars in their cases. Since busi-
ness conditions are shaping themselves all over
the world, they are finding considerable increase
in their export orders, and that part of their
business promises to be larger than ever before
this year, as the fame of the Stewart instrument
is known and recognized all over the world.
DISCOVERS STRADIVARIUS.
Kubelik Has a Strike of Luck in New York.
Kubelik is said to have discovered a lost or
hitherto unknown Stradivarius violin in a New
York second-hand shop during his visit to this
city. The specimen, though very dingy in ap-
pearance and slightly battered, is unimpaired.
Genuine Stradavarii are very rare and are al-
most priceless. Kubelik has one that was pre-
sented to him by Emperor Francis Josef of Aus-
tria that is valued at $14,000. His find is scarcely
inferior.
Kubelik has a hobby for frequenting music in-
strument stores. Knowing that there are left a
few violins made by the old masters from proc-
esses whose secret dies with them, he has always
had a hope of finding one in some out of the way
place. He went into this musty instrument store
in New York and asked to see some old violins.
He tried a half dozen that proved ordinary and
then he drew his bow across one which gave
forth tones as full as those of his own "Strad."
Close inspection convinced him he had found a
prize.
Kubelik paid $50 for the violin, and he used it
later at a concert in New York, when a jury or
experts pronounced it genuine.
The largest stock west of the Mississippi
River, everything up to date. IT WILL PAY
YOU TO WRITE TO-DAY.
Koerber-Brenner Music Company
1006 Olive Street, ST. LOUIS
J. F. KALBE'S
VERA IMPERIAL ACCORDEONS
N
e
w
bearing the well-known "Anchor
Brand," are, in tone, workman-
ship and finish, unsurpassed. They
are sold exclusively to first-class
Importers and Dealers at factory
prices without between profits.
For further particulars, apply to
Wm. R. Gratz Import Co.
11 East Twenty-Second Street, New York City
—THE-
WM. R. GRATZ IMPORT CO.,
II East 22nd St., New York City,
Sole Ageats for
ANTOINB COURTOIS AND BOHLAND & FUCHS'
Band Instruments and Saxophones;
LBFEVRE, LECOMTB AND MERCADIBR
Clarionets;
Fried rich August Helmerdlng, Chadwlck, J. Strauss,
Koschat, E. Bausch, Hammlg and Bauer & Durr-
schmidt's Violins and Bows; Qustav Bernadel and
Koschat Rosin; Imperial, Empress, U. S., and Qrand
Solo Accordeons, and Concertinas; Empress Mouth
Harmonicas.
Catalogs forwarded on request free of charge.
MR. DEALER:
You Need Two Things This
New Year
and th« B A U E R . Mandolins and Guitars
lst-LYON & HEALY MANDOLINS, GUI-
TARS AND VIOLINS.
2nd--SIEGEL-MYERS' MUSIC LESSONS
TO GIVE AWAY WITH THEM.
O u i d l i n HttdqutrUre, N0RDH1IMER PIANO 6 MUSIC CO, Teraate, OnttrU.
410-12 N. STM «T..
Small Goods
THE STANDARD OF THE WORLD
SSFGINAL S. S. STEWART BANJO
Ptclflc Coast Afents, SHIRMAN, CLAY 6 CO* San Frindsco, Ctl.
THE BAVER CO.
NEW FIRM
NEW GOODS
NEW PRICES
HOHNER'S CELEBRATED CREATIONS.
The constant demand for the Hohner line of
accordeons and harmonicas speaks louder than
words for the popularity of their celebrated line.
The jobbers have lately been placing some very
large orders, and so far this year they have not
experienced what is commonly called "a dull
STEWART BANJOS FOR EXPORT TRADE. season." The line of novelties that they intro-
duced to the trade last fall have proved far more
successful than was anticipated, and the dealers
(Special to The Review »
have expressed themselves as very highly pleased
Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 13, 1906.
The dealers in the smaller musical instruments with their efforts to give them a salable article.
are in very good shape in Philadelphia. The They have an unusually large stock in their
Bauer Co. have more orders on their books for warerooms at 354 Broadway, New York, ready to
spring and summer trade than they have ever meet any possible demand, as it is their policy to
had before, and with their present facilities they protect their jobbers in every possible way.
are able to fill all of them with promptness and
The Griggs Music House, of Kewanee, III., are
dispatch. This company is turning out a finer
class of instruments than ever before, and have moving to new and larger quarters on Second
many beautiful specimens of art banjos, man- street, that city.
UAMUFACTUSXP BY
Among other visitors in New'York during the
•week were S. R. Harcourt, of Bollmann Bros.
Co., St. Louis, Mo., and Mr. Athertoii, manager of
the Amphion Co., Elbridge, N. Y.
THE GRAND PRIZE
Awirdid the C G.
Conn B a n d , Or-
c h e s t r a *nd S o l o
I n s t r u m e n t s , Is
merely • new icknowl-
tdgroent ol what was
lont ago conceded,
n a m e l y , t h a i the
" W o n d e r s " are un-
paralleled In any excel-
lence or quality that goes
to make up a P e r f e c t
•nd I d e a l Instrument.
The Holidays Are
A l m o s t H e r e , wb ch
suggetta that a gift o
y o u r f r i e n d of a
"GRAND PRIZE" la
strument would make a
present that would
charm and delight :: ::
Send for large ILLUS-
TRATED
CATA-
L O G U E t e l l i n g all
about them ::
c . G. CONN CO,, Elkliart, Indiana
P. S.—The Woadcr lastramsats are scat ea trial and FULLY
GUARANTEED
Hundreds of dealers all over the country are doubling
their sales.
No cost whatever nor trouble to you, but a magnifi-
cent extra value for your customers.
You increase your sales by giving free $25.00 or
$50.00 worth of lessons with every instrument.
Write for full particulars.
LYON & HEALY,
Chicago
YORK
Band Instruments
SEND JTOJt A[EW
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE
J. W.YORK <& SONS
B&.nd Instruments
GRAND RAPIDS
MICH.
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