Music Trade Review

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THE MUSIC TRADE REVIEW.
MOW M e t a l s
A r e Affected
By
machine, so that, he said, "some people
t h i n k that [t is a very large w a s t e t o obtain s o
Verv Low Temperatures.
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small a result; but such is the way of the
world." Tin has small extension at low tem
EEORE the Royal Institution Professor
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peratures, and lead a great deal. He produced
James Dewar recently delivered a lecture,
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a few small rods of mercury, and they had a
in which he dealt with the properties of solid
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great tendency to weld and stick together when
bodies, especially of metals, as affected by very e v e f t h g y c a m e . ^ c Q n t a c t
Q n e of thege d r .
low temperatures. He began with experiments c u ] a r r o d g o f
lesg tfaan o n e . t e n t h o f a n
on the effect of breaking strains, and of pressure i n c h i n a f e & i n t h e c r o g s ^ ^
b r o k e a t ft
upon metals ; small metal wires or bars were t e m p e r a t l i r e o f _ l 8 o o c i n t h e t e s t i n g m a c h i n e .
used, and magnified by projection upon the -. ,
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It first
x ^ s breaking strain was 31 pounds.
screen, so that those present could see, for in-
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elongated a great deal near its place of fracture,
stance, the elongation of a small copper bar v ,
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like lead, to which class of metals it belongs,
under strain, and its extra contraction in di- D
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By experiment ne showed that the rigidity, as
ameter near the point at which it finally broke.
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regards flexure, also the torsional rigidity of
By applying pressure to small blocks of tin and
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metals is increased by cold. He took two tun-
oflead, the metals were forced through a small
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ing forks, which were synchronous at the same
hole in the receptacle in which each was placed, t e m p e r a t u r e b u t o n i n t e n 8 e l y c o o l i n g o n e o f
as if they were viscous liquids.
^ ^ t h e y g&ye mugical ^ ^ | h a t sQunded a t
To show how metals behave under extremely t h e g a m e t i m e ^ rf , d , a f l d ^ t o r s i o n a l
low temperature, he applied strain, by means of
, d tQ f a c h o t h e r Tfae m a g _
rf ^
m n
a commercial cement-testing machine, with the ^
powerg of metalg are e n o i m o u s l y lncreased
jaws modified so that they dipped into a small ^ , Q w t e m p e r a t u r e S ) a n d m a g n e t i s m seems to
vessel containing liquid oxygen or air, at tem- , .
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be in some remarkable way directly related to
peratures
of from—180 0 to—200 0 C , and he .
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tensile strength,
could gradually apply a strain of about two tons
by means of a double ltver, upon which pressure
BREAKING STRESS.
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was brought to bear by water gradually per-
if a
~ l80 \ c>
£ a . — 8o ' c -
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mitted to r u n into a suitable receptacle. T h e
tensile s t i e n g t h of non-crystalline metals was
greatly increased V>y low temperatures. He said
that at—18o° C. the breaking strain of tin was
increased from 200 to 400 pounds, that of lead
from 77 pounds to 170 pounds, and of fusible
metal from 140 pounds to 450 pounds. These
experiments involved a great waste of material,
as the liquids boiled off vigorously while cool-
ing down the containing vessel and the jaws of
Tons per square inch.
Copper
Iron
Brass
G. silver
Steel
22^3
340
251
38 3
354
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300
627
314
470
6o*o
Musical instrument keyboard, No. 520,982 E.
A. Edgren.
Pipe organ combination stop action, No. 520,-
925, R. W. Jackson.
Pipe organ, No. 520,924, R. W. Jackson.
Piano action, No. 520,989, J. Herrburger.
At last it has come to the worst. An Indian-
apolis man has brought divorce proceedings
against his wife on the grounds that she is a
chronic piano player. He has stood the misery
for twenty years, and deserves a decree, with
liberal alimony, in his favor.
A single word sometimes reveals a man's in-
most thought.
" Who are those girls playing a duet on the
piano? " asked one man of another at an even-
ing party.
" One of them is the daughter of the hostess,"
was the answer.
" And who is her accomplice ? "
A St. Petersburg editor has hit npon the no-
tion of printing his journal on paper suitable for
making cigarettes. It is said that its circula-
tion has been greatly increased by this means,
as the Russians are largely given to smoking
cigarettes, which they make themselves.
Llongation per cent.
6 8
82
35-5
107
294
One Moment Please!
^
13*4
4-7
322
20-4
195
MR. JAMES K. HEALY, of Lyon & Healy, has
arrived at Antwerp to take charge of his firm's
exhibit at the Exposition.
Before deciding on your line of
Pianos for the Fall Trade look the field
over carefully; the superiority of the
BRIQGS PIANOS
was never so fully demonstrated as at
the present.
Our new styles will bear the
most rigid scrutiny and we challenge
comparison.
Briggs Piano Co.,
615=621 Albany St., Boston.