Presto

Issue: 1920 1789

28
PRESTO
November 6, 1920.
WOODS IN MUSIC INDUSTRIES
(Continued from page 24.)
wood from some other medium, and is taken up and material furnished by forests to the manufacturers
increased or purified, and is then passed on; but in of musical instruments in this country. That figure
the xylophone, short rods of wood, graduated as to alone tells the story of the importance of this class
length, are struck with a hammer, or in some other of woods along the line indicated. Measured in
way arc made to vibrate, and the tones are the feet, there is much more softwood in the United
result. Rods of different lengths are arranged to States than hardwood—five or six times as much.
produce different tones. The manufacturer's suc- But in kinds or species, hardwoods are far more
cess with this instrument, as with most others numerous than the others. Manufacturers engaged
where the resonance of wood has an important in the industry under discussion use not only more
function to perform, depends upon the care with kinds of hardwoods but a larger quantity. Five
which the wood for the rods are selected, shaped, feet of hardwood go to these manufacturers to one
seasoned, and mounted.
foot of softwood. The list and number of feet used
follow:
Wood for Keys.
Most softwoods listed in this industry do not Maple, 45,482,775; Yellow poplar, 40,371,925;
owe their place to their resonance. For instance, Chestnut, 38,125,141; Oak, 20,638,480; Elm, 15,602,-
much white pine and sugar pine are manufactured 440; Birch, 12,349,055; Basswood, 10,968,180; Red
into keys for organs and pianos, but they are pre- gum, 9,243,825; Black walnut, 4,991,808; Beech, 4,-
ferred for those places on account of their light- 186,000; Ash, 2,377,332; Cottonwood, 2,351,000; Tup-
ness and small tendency to warp, and not for any elo, 460,000; Cherry, 334,180; Sycamore, 304,600;
quality of resonance which they may possess. Such Butternut, 98,100; Buckeye, 6,000; Holly, 3,580;
softwoods, as hemlock, Douglas fir, yellow pine, Hickory, 225. Total, 207,894,636.
Uses of Maple.
and cypress are demanded for the frames of large
instruments to give the necessary strength without
Maple leads all others. It is not because this
too much weight or at too great a cost; but these wood has some special use which accounts for the
woods hold places in this industry other than as large demand, but it is due to the general fitness of
frame stock.
maple for many parts of musical instruments. Most
Hardwoods constitute eighty per cent of all the of its qualities are good ones, and it has many.
It fills numerous places and does it well. It is an
outside wood for show and an inside wood for
strength. It is hard, strong, stiff, heavy, elastic
and handsome. Its chief place is for frames and
braces, and its hardness opens the way for its em-
ployment as piano actions. A single piano does not
require much wood for actions, but in the aggregate
a large amount is so used in the course of a year
in the whole United States. It cannot be stated
how much of the forty-five million feet of maple
reported in the industry is converted into actions,
but the amount is large. Where beauty is the chief
consideration, maple meets the call. The figured
wood, commonly known as birdseye, is well known
and in wide use. This is not a separate species of
maple, for birdseye occurs in alt the species of that
tree, of which there are several. Most birdseye is
cut from the tree known as sugar maple, that from
which maple sugar is made. "No means exist for
determining how much of the maple going into this
industry is hard and how much soft, but it is certain
that hard maple is used in much greater quantities
than the soft. Most hard maple is cut from the
common sugar tree.
Yellow Poplar Second.
Yellow poplar stands second on the list, judged
by the amount used in the industry. It is known as
whitewood in some of the northern states, and an
attempt has been made to fix on it the name "tulip-
wood." The name is nice enough, and from the
point of view of the botanist it is appropriate, but
the public has not taken kindly to this name for
the wood, though a little more progress has been
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Enhanced content © 2008-2009 and presented by MBSI - The Musical Box Society International (www.mbsi.org) and the International Arcade Museum (www.arcade-museum.com).
All Rights Reserved. Digitized from the archives of the MBSI with support from NAMM - The International Music Products Association (www.namm.org).
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29
November 6, 1920.
APOLLO
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a little
T\£ APOLLO P M N O COMIMNY
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Dealers' Attention Solicited.
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EVERY MAN. WHETHER
Directly or Indirectly Interested in
Pianos, Phonographs or the General
• Music Trade
Should have the three booklets compris-
ing
PRESTO TRADE LISTS
No. 1—Directory of the Music Trades—
the Dealers List.
No. 2—The Phonograph Directory—the
Talking Machine List.
No. 3—Directory of the Music Industries
(Manufacturers, Supplies, etc., of
all kinds).
Price, each book, 25 cents.
The three books combined contain the
only complete addresses and classified
lists of all the various depart-
ments of the music indus-
tries and trades.
Choice of these books and also a copy of
the indispensable "Presto Buyer's Guide,"
will be sent free of charge to new sub-
scribers to Presto, the American Music
Trade Weekly, at $2 a year.
You want Presto; you want the Presto
Trade Lists. They cost little and return
much. Why not have them ?
Published by
Presto Publishing Co.
407 So. Dearborn St,
CHICAGO, ILL.
made in giving that name to the tree in the woods
and particularly in city parks. An equally unsuc-
cessful attempt has been made to fix on it the name
"canarywood," in consideration of its yellow color;
but that effort has come principally from lumber
dealers in Europe. It is a wood of general utility,
like maple and that explains the extensive use made
of it. It is suitable for some part of nearly every
musical instrument made of wood. It meets general
demand and peculiar uses. It is excellent for cab-
inet work where closely-fitting joints are wanted.
It takes a smooth, fine finish, and along that line it
has few equals. Highest grade panels may be made
of yellow poplar. The casual observer might not
recognize the panels as being of this wood, but
might suppose them to be cherry, rosewood, or
ebony. It is successfully employed in imitating
other woods. So smoothly may it be polished, and
so perfectly does it take stains, that the finisher can
put a cherry, ebony, or any one of many other fin-
ishes on it. Poplar has no distinctive grain of its
own, and it is not necessary to cover up and con-
ceal anything of that kind when trying to imitate
some other wood.
Part of Chestnut.
Chestnut fills a much larger place in this industry
than most people suppose. Not much of it is seen
in the finished articles, probably not one foot in
ten. It has a grain and figure so distinctive and
bold that their concealment by paints, stains, and
varnishes is seldom attempted. It is the opposite
of yellow poplar in that respect. The reason why
chestnut is so seldom seen in musical instruments,
though so often present, is that its largest use is
for cores or the concealed, inner parts of veneer
panels. The surface of such panels is of other
woods, but the bulk is chestnut, covered and out of
sight. White pine ranks with chestnut in that use—
core of panels. Yet core stock is not the only place
filled by chestnut in the musical instrument indus-
try. It is a figured wood and is employed for vis-
ible as well as concealed parts. Its figure is formed
by the annual growth rings, as in the common
figure of ash and yellow pine. We have only one
species of chestnut and only one of yellow poplar
in this country.
Other Varieties.
Other figured domestic woods reported in this in-
dustry, in addition to chestnut and birdseye maple,
are oak, red gum, black walnut, ash, and sycamore.
Perhaps birch should be included, though figured
birch is rather uncommon. Native woods listed in
this industry, but which have little figure, are elm,
basswood, beech, cottonwood, tupelo, and cherry.
The native figured woods most often seen are oak,
red gum, and walnut. Oak has a figure due to
yearly growth rings, and another due to medullary
rays, exposed and brought into view by quarter saw-
ing. These two kinds of oak are known to the trade
as "plain" and "quartered. Both figures are popular
with musical instrument makers and sometimes one
and sometimes the other is the fashion leader.
Black walnut's figure is by many considered the
handsomest of all native woods. Yearly rings of
growth contribute much to this figure, but the most
delicate and artistic of the figures characteristic of
walnut is independent of growth rings and is due to
pigments in the fibers of the wood, dispersed in
wavy lines, or in clouded areas, or in somewhat ir-
regular patterns. Contrast in the black and brown
tones in the different areas is responsible for this
figure. Other woods possess it in part, but none
other of our native woods equals walnut in delicacy
of this figure. Red gum is the nearest approach to
walnut, but its colors are of lighter tone and the
rings of growth are less prominent.
Prima vera is often called white mahogany, though
it is not closely related to mahogany. Its grain sug-
gests the name. The tree grows near the western
coast of southern Mexico and further south, and it
has not been long on the market. It is remarkable
that the wood was offered for sale in lumber yards
in San Francisco and Cincinnati before the exist-
ence of the tree was known to botanists. In color
the wood resembles the yellow heartwood of the
evergreen magnolia, the wood of which has recently
appeared in markets as "golden mahogany of Louisi-
ana." It is believed that several woods are mar-
keted as prima vera which are botanically different.
C. E. Stoner, sales manager for the Baldwin
Piano Co., St. Louis, has been elected vice-presi-
dent of the Advertising Club of St. Louis.
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DISTRIBUTORS
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Sonora Distributing Co.,
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Lansing Sales Co.,
Boston 11, Mass.
LESLEY CHEMICAL CO., Indianapolis, Ind.
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Enhanced content © 2008-2009 and presented by MBSI - The Musical Box Society International (www.mbsi.org) and the International Arcade Museum (www.arcade-museum.com).
All Rights Reserved. Digitized from the archives of the MBSI with support from NAMM - The International Music Products Association (www.namm.org).
Additional enhancement, optimization, and distribution by the International Arcade Museum. An extensive collection of Presto can be found online at http://www.arcade-museum.com/library/

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