Play Meter

Issue: 1975 June-July - Vol 1 Num 7

----------------~)
o
Ponk,Ponk-
the bouncing
blip blitzkrieg
A PLAY METER
inter view with
Nolan Bushnell,
board chairman
of Atari.
III 1965, a Iliv r ily of lah ngine ring student, who
had pUI ill om parllim work at a local arcade,
decided amu m nl gam n ded to be zapped and h
Ihought h had the prop r zapper when h taught th
IIIliver it computer to play a few wierd gam
Til conc pt wa born, but r:t wasn't until 1970 that
ill xpell iv t chnology caught up with olan Bushnell,
1I0W chairmall of th board of multi-milhon dollar Atan'
Inc , and allow d th comput r prodigy to build what i
gellerali r gard d a the fir t fi a ibl video gam ,
om/ml r pac .
Origin all , ou e, it had b 11 Bu hn ll 's idea to
program a mall comput r for various gam and allow
/)Ia er 10 use vid 0 t rminal located awa from th
computer. B'I/ Ih cos I in olv d in that concept in th
mid -sixtie - w re prohibilive .
Bu hllell waited and Ihe cheap t chnology availabl
ill 1970 tarl d him working on hi old id a again_ But
Ihell he di co er d he didn 'l n d Ih computer at all
alld Ihat th game conc pt could b work d out with
onl ' a pn'llt ed logic board.
Lik e all good pione r , he tried to
II his idea to
banI< r , but lik good banker , tlz
w Ten 't buying.
Which fOTC d him to build omputer pac on hi own
alld If th e right to anoth r company. He got a piece
of the pie, bUI 1/01 what he fell h d erved. But now
Ihal hi COliC pt had been PTO e n, h could proce d
more or Ie 011 his OWII .
PlAt' /tfI£TER
-- orne new merchandising methods are needed, possibly
u ing tokens or pay-one-price or something like that, so that
Johnny can pend three hours of action -packed fun in the game
center and spend only five bucks _ ..
H b gan building Pong, the I gendary video game
Ihat Teall launch d the solid -state revolution in
coin-op rat d gam
becaus of it relative inexpen -
iv TIes and it mor easily understood play conc pt .
H had igll d all agr m nt with Bally, how ver,
and fi II obliged 10 offer Pong 10 them _ Th ey refused it,
though , becau th y didn't like the fact that it had no
011 -pia r mod and because the thoughl it n eded
video mell inslead of paddle , Bushnell say .
He w III back 10 Lo cato , wh r he founded hi
factory, disappoint d. Bul Bally' rejection turned out
to b a windfall for Bu hTleU ' futur . As he xplains:
.. W were till v ry mall and very, ver
hOTt on
mon y, but at the am time we had produced a
/lumber of machines and old and plac d them
our I e. The earned fantastically and word pread
locall among the op rators, who spr ad Ih e word to
Ih eir distn-bulor . ..
Th word mushroom d and Bushnell was abl to
borrow again t order from Ihree di tributor to put hi
firm into busin
From th n on it has been
wplI-lwown histO'r . Alari produc d not games, but
amu emenl conc pt , continuall tr ing to live up to it
image a Ihe pion r of lectronic gam s with
t rnall oplimi lic fram of mind al the
Bu hn II '
for .
n x l pag )
13
lhq al(' , lhe), lhink lh(: " re lhere to ride the rid sand
nOl go into the penn)' arcade .
"Even if we'd do repair for free, if an operator ha a game
do lUll for two weeks, it will cost him more than any repair costs,
0, that' really why we want the di tribu/or",and the operator
to hal'e a repair capability, "
K nowing oj III jarsig"t d reputation we a ked him
what It JelllheJutureholdsJor th eilldu try " eho to
reuolutioniz ,
PLAY METER: Do 'ou think we' e s ratched the
surface as ar as th e game go?
B
H ELL: Yes , we ' ve s rat h ed the surface , but,
gee , there ' !,> !'>o much left LO do t hal it s tagger the
imaginal ion ,
Y u see , we ' re ju t e ing a situa tion where th
oin
rna hine industry isju t s t arling LO scr , t h th surface
of what I' d all marginal ac eptabi lit ' ,Ther are till
many, man ' people who equa t coin rna hin s of an '
form Wilh gamblin , n awful lot of p ople look at it a
an uns vory awful 101 of what I' d ca ll bad imag ,
BUI it ' s lurning , hanging, la ti ti c that we ' e done
how that presently , less than two per en t of th e
country ' :, populatii n represents c in machine r venu ,
That ' s a lmost insignificant. Thatm ans our players are
a v('('), small :,egment of th e population,
PLAY METER: That' an interesting way of looking
at it ,
BU H NELL: 0 , \-"hat we're tri ving for i LO jump
thaI to four per elll ,
hen we ge l four per em
ontribuling 90 I er cenl of th e revenue , we' e d ublcd
lhl' !'>i71' of llll' coin machine industry ,
PLAY METER: H ow d yo u do th at?
BU HELL: \ ell. il ' :, almost happening b ' it elf.
There are heginning to be more coin rna hines in lh e
mainstream of life , There are an awfu l lot of peopl who
have ne\'er gone into a heer bar in th eir live . , nen:!'
gone lO a bowling alley in lh e ir Ii e and probabl ' ne er
\"ill go 10 eilher of those pia es in their lives , nd man '
of lhem are nowhere near an amu ' m nt park an I if
14
BUI whal do we do ? W put lhem in hotel lobbie ,
i\ l aybe lhal ' S another ,01 per ent , irporl , too , bUl
lhere are still many people who don ' l go 10 hOlel. and
don ' l n) , peopJco who are nOl makin over 10 ,000 a
~ ear famil) income , They have money LO go LO movie ,
hUl the) don ' t do much more ,
ThaI's where the lIew . small r gional games enter
p ia
a pan , The bigge t prob lem th r i who i our
ompetilion , \i here are lh'y I nding lh ir lei ure
dollars ' You ' re ompelin again!'> l lhe small re lauranl .
hal1lhuper joilll. dri, 'e , in pia e or mo\'i" hue ,
PLAY METER: Il ow does an ar ade go ab ut
competing agains l a well. dri e in r s t aurant or movie
house ?
B
H ELL: Lel's lake ano lh er look at the oin
ma hines in a lypi al 30 ' piece ar ade , You ' ll find ,
u uall , lhat there is a lre m e ndo u amount of assets
lhal are idle ' I go d deal of lhe lime , our a, elS in a
good loralion are ma) be alive 10 per cent of th e l ime ,
o okay, J ohnny ' s laking his girl OU I for a date and h
an M' e he can lLlke her LO lhe movies and pend five
hurb , W·II. ill lhe lypical quan r ar ade , fi
buck
i!'>n ' t going 10 la!'>l very long and J ohhny want to be
ab le LO ntertain hi
oung lady for three or four hours ,
on l(' new m'rchan(lIslI1
m 1I10ds are needed,
pos~ihl>, w.,ing lokens or P< ', on ' , price or someLhing
like that , so thaI J ohnn ' an SI end three hour of
a tion ' packed fun in the game center and p nd on ly
five hucks , If you work lhrough th e math mati , 'ou ' ll
find there ' !,> plent) of ma hines there : il' ju t how do
you figure OUI how to unnel him to different ma hine '
so lhal lhere aren ' l long lin es hehind anyone gam,
i\ layhe you give him 100 tokens for fi e bu ks or thr e
hucks and!'> hedulc how man ' token it will tak to pia
l'('nain machine:, based n demand . In other word ,
perhaps it t ake fi
token to playa Tank . but only
ol1e to piLI)' a Pong ,
PLA Y METER: II of what 'ou said seem to make
M'I1St' ,
B
H
LL: This wa} J ohnn ' an see that if he
s»el1d~ his tokens slingily , he can maybe pend five
h()ur~ in there and you're ju t as happ ' be aus he ' s
playing machine!'> that would have been idle an 'wa}' ,
Plu!'> , 1I0W ~()U cLln com» Ie ,
PLAY METER: Il ave you tried that yet ?
B
H ELL: We have a pilol program in the work
righ t now , h ' the Id idea of management promotion ;
how do you gen rate traffic , Perhaps, we hav th be t
»o!'>!'>ibilitie!'> because we don ' t ha\'l' to give pizza awa '
10 get people into our joint. We an Tive a fe\\' games
LI\\ ay ,
When you think aboul tht, lypi al amO\ln t of
promotion that go
into ni k I and dime item for
... LlIe lhat don ' l haH' ncar lite margin that oin machine
do , iI ' s LI !'>ill lh at our operalors aren' l g lling of their
a!'> ... alld running it likt, a ~ophi~licated bu ines ,
Thl' biggeM prolJlem we have is the fact thaI iI ' s b en
a good induSlr) ror so long lhal we haven ' l had to work
10 make a huck .
PLA Y M TER : ThaI se'ms to be what happened
wilh the b oming id 0 0 ktail table mark I and th e
wa b lue, u d -s ho m n jumped into it. Whal ar
o ur fe ling about th tabl s and abou t th mark l ing

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