Music Trade Review

Issue: 1921 Vol. 73 N. 9

Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org, arcade-museum.com -- digitized with support from namm.org
THE
AUGUST 27, 1921
MUSIC TRADE
REVIEW
Greater Flexibility in the Player Mechanism Is Necessary if That Instrument
Is to Attain Its Proper Place as a Means of Producing Music, Rather Than as
a Mechanical Device to Be Pumped —Technical Suggestions Along This Line
If we are not mistaken, the player-piano of
the future is to be an instrument especially de
signed to be played, instead of merely to be
pumped. Now that the distinction between re-
producing piano and ordinary player-piano is
becoming marked the latter instrument must be
developed along its own individual and particu
lar lines if it is to progress and not stagnate.
Designers who have been thinking during recent
years mainly of how they can make something
easy, to sell will have to tnink more about mak-
ing something easy to play, which is quite a
different thing. Actually, of course, there ought
to be no distinction between easy to sell and
rasy to play, but unfortunately such a distinc-
tion has been drawn on the absurd supposition
that what was wanted was something as easy as
possible to "work," but as hard as possible to
"play."
Well, to-day we all recognize that there will be
two sorts of player-piano in the future, one of
which will be for reproducing and the other for
first-hand playing. The two will be separate in
every sense of the term and they will in no way
interfere with each other. There will be no com-
petition because it will be understood by every-
body that the two types operate in different
fields, each with its individual and peculiar func-
tion. There is more than enough room for both,
and it is the wickedest waste of time and energy
to get up internecine factional rights about their
respective rights or comparative merits.
This be'ng the case, it is time to point out that
the design and construction of the player-piano
proper have by no means yet been brought to
their finality. There are many bad points to be
corrected, many misunderstandings to be cleared
up, much that is clumsy and ill thought out to be
made clear and clean. Last month we took occa-
sion to point out that manufacturing practice
has been sadly neglectful and indifferent in face
of the absurdit'es wh : ch commonly characterize
the lay-out of the expression devices. Likewise,
more than once we have shown how poorly the
makers seem to realize what the operation of
playing the piano really calls for in the way of
applying and utilizing power. But it is appar-
ently necessary to say the same thing over and
over again, and we shall therefore make no
apology for returning to the latter subject and
discussing one of the aspects of the general prob-
lem of power as applied to the mechanism of
the player-piano proper.
Flexibility
Convenience, immediate availability and suf-
ficiency are, of course, requisites for any scheme
of power production useful for our purposes.
But a greater quality than all these is needed.
That quality is flexibility. If the power sup-
ply is not flexible to the utmost degree it is
worse than useless. And it is just at this point
that the player mechanism so conspicuously
fails. It is no answer to such an indictment to
allege that the player-piano does, in spite of its
supposed defects, succeed in pleasing and satis-
fying most of those who buy it. Even if we
allow a tolerably violent assumption like that we
must still point out that progress depends upon
continually discovering faults and remedying
them. And no conscientious player expert will
pretend that the power supply of any player
mechanism on the market is what it ought to be
in respect of flexibility.
By the term flexibility we mean, of course,
the capacity to deliver, as soon as wanted, and
in needed quantity, power at any one of an in-
numerable number of levels between minimum
and maximum. We may state the minimum to
be that which is needed 1 to overcome action re-
sistance and make a sound as feeble as possible
on one tone of the piano. The maximum is
whatever power is needed to sound a chord of
utmost practical width (four octaves, perhaps)
at a hammer velocity equivalent to a pressure
The highest class player
actions in the world
upon the action of not. less than ten pounds. Of
course, neither the maximum nor the minimum is
commonly called for. Extremes only are repre-
sented here. The commonly used levels are not
much above or below a geometric means be-
tween the two extremes. But the need is for
immediate transference from any one level
of power between the extremes to any other be-
tween them. It is not merely that one should
be able to work up to a power approaching
the maximum or down to one approaching the
minimum. It is that one should be able, as
rapidly as the pianist can with his finger and
arm action, to go from any one level to any
other without hesitation or difficulty.
Calculation
The solution to the problem which these re-
quirements present is, of course, to be found
in accurately calculating the area of air-content
in the player mechanism and then discovering
means for obtaining the most rapid and me-
chanically practical withdrawal of such propor-
tional quantities of the total content as may be
needed from moment to moment. In order to
do this it is only necessary to examine carefully
the common form of pneumatic stack, when we
shall at once see that in literally numberless in-
stances we have overlooked opportunities for
minimizing waste and have vastly increased,
without realizing it, the amount of atmospheric
air which we have to move. Square corners,
friction-producing channels, needlessly large
chests, leaky joints, excessive size of pneumatics
and valves caused by inability to destroy, leak-
age, these and many other causes can be cited.
All dtsigncrs are well acquainted with them.
But they have been remiss in not realizing that
the existence of these faults makes the player-
piano an inefficient instrument, unable to real-
ize the musical possibilities which ought t^ be
its own.
Waste
In much the same way calculation will reveal
parallel avenues of waste in the motor, the bel-
lows system and the various non-speaking pneu-
matic parts. There has grown up of late years
(Continued on page 8)
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"The valve unit that made the player famous"
TfiE dflPflNESE
sense of becutm has been
developed 6o an> extraordinary
decree
"|ne exauisifce
The new "Amphion Accessible Action" is the last word in scientific player
achievement. It has the complete valve action assembled in a "Demountable
Unit" giving instant accessibility.
.'
AMPHIONWCTIONS
SXKMZVSE
—Your Guarantee
N EW YORK
*
f ^ Svmphonoj&
^ ^ %J
I
plauer -pieno
cppeals do ell lovers of *be
becutiiful. so Ibbab far-cujau
depen demands end bui|s
these superb instruments.
L/ou tuill be proud of i|oor
{cscirjicOiocj Sumphonoic*, cria
I{I will moke tiour house
c home.
PRICE & TEEPLE PIANO CO.
lUIUIIHNIIItllllllinillllUNllllfllUIIIIII
CHICAGO,
U.S.A.
..-.
- ...-.
Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org, arcade-museum.com -- digitized with support from namm.org
THE MUSIC TRADE REVIEW
PNEUMATICS
(Continued from page 7)
a. most reprehensible practice of what can only
he called pneumatic "buck passing." Any stray
piece of work which it is believed the player-
pianist ought to be saved the labor of doing by
hand is pushed on to the unfortunate bellows
system. A pneumatic and valve are designed, a
channel is run into the bellows somewhere and
the thing is done. It looks very convenient, but
the effect upon the playing is, of course, disas-
trous. What with the motor, a pneumatic track-
ing device, a pneumatic for the damper, pneu-
matics for the hammer-rail, pneumatics for the
rewind, and what not, the bellows sustains such
a load that the player-pianist becomes simply
a treading machine. To obtain expression or
flexibility through the .bellows is in such circum-
stances virtually out of the question. A reform
must be undertaken here and the sooner the facts
are understood the sooner the reform.
Just as soon as we realize that we cannot
design without first knowing what the conditions
are we shall begin to have scientific methods in
our shops. At present we carve out a design to
h't a given space and guess at the power require-
ments in the light of our experience. It is a
tribute to the breadth of that experience that, on
the whole, the guesses come out very well, but
guess-work at the best is a very poor sort of
weapon. After all, to adopt the methods which
reign in every other mechanical industry of any
importance is not a difficult matter. It requires
only a slight change in the point of view. It is,
in fact, solely a matter of coming to realize that
we cannot attain to the levels we are aiming at
until we clear our ground and know what we are
aiming at. Flexibility is a quality which repre-
sents those aims as well as they can be repre-
sented in one word. The attainment of flexi-
ble, instantly available, playing power can never
be possible until we have learned to figure before
we whittle.
SIMPLEX PLANT ENLARGED
Simplex Player Action Co. Has Found Addi-
tion to Main Factory None Too Large—Full-
time Schedule in Vogue Assured for Fall
The new addition to the factory of the Sim-
plex Player Action Co., Worcester, Mass., which
was recently erected, has been found none too
The Extensive New Addition to the Simplex
large to meet the demand for the Super Sim-
plex, which has increased steadily since the first
6)f the year.. This new addition is shown in the
accompanying illustration. It is devoted to the
inanufacture of the metal parts of the player
and Jhe plating department. It is here that the
AUGUST 27,
1921
PROTECT THE REPRODUCING PIANO, SAYS F. 0 . GAMBt|
Well-known Member of Trade in Endorsing Recent Review Editorial Protests Against Continued
Misuse of the Term "Reproducing Piano"—Offers Interesting Comments

are now consciously or unconsciously misusing
and abusing the name 'Reproducing Piano' care-
lessly or indifferently do so without meaning to
degrade or misuse the term in question.
"I thoroughly agree with you that any kind
of a player-piano which may be equipped with
automatic expression devices is not necessarily
a 'Reproducing Piano.' The trade, in justice
to those who are—or may become—entitled to
use it, should unqualifiedly condemn the use of
the term 'Reproducing Piano' in connection with
any instrument save one which is guaranteed
to give personally authorized and edited trans-
lations of the playing of the artists and to music
rolls to which are attached the names of the
men and women responsible for them in their
entirety.
"In further accord with your editorial, then,
the public must be guarded against the mani-
fest error of supposing that the term 'Reproduc-
ing Piano' is an elastic term. On the contrary,
it should be a very restricted term—a term
rigidly limited in its meaning. You have put it
none too forcibly when you say, for the sake of
all concerned, and of every interest the music
industries have in preserving values, let the in-
accurate use of the term 'Reproducing Piano'
be forthwith abandoned.
"There is another term in connection with
reproducing pianos and actions which has been
used more or less during the last few years which
I would decidedly like to see eliminated from our
reproducing piano vocabulary, and that is the
inartistic and rather slangy-sounding term 'Re-
producer.' The term 'Reproducer,' in the music
world especially, belongs distinctly to the talking
machine trade, in that it is, as we all know, the
dignified and appropriate title of a small but
specific and necessary part of the talking ma-
chine mechanism. Consequently, if it belongs
transmission and other exclusive metal devices to the talking machine trade and is the rightful
are manufactured. The structure is thoroughly name of a special part of the mechanism, why
modern in every respect, built of re-enforced not leave it where it rightfully belongs and not
concrete and comprises 60,000 square feet of endeavor to use it in connection with an instru-
floor space, every inch of which is being util- ment to which it is neither sufficiently dignified,
ized to good advantage. It is connected with, thoroughly adapted nor overly euphonious.
Furthermore, why ever desire to appropriate the
the main factory at the rear.
The Simplex factory has been one of the busi- legitimate name of a small part of a talking
est in the East all during the Summer months. machine mechanism by applying it to such a
wonderful and complete instrument as the 'Re-
producing Piano'?
"Some might say that the word 'Reproducing'
is not in itself dignified, but it is at least thor-
oughly descriptive, and, if not so formerly, it has
now become dignified through its continuous as-
sociation in completing the common and well-
known term, 'Reproducing Piano.' Therefore, th*
term 'Reproducing Piano' is thoroughly descripr
tive, it is original—which should always be cori;
sidered when naming a musical instrument—ami
it is distinctive in that it has been generally ap-
plied to one of the highest-class musical instru-
ments ever created and offered to humanity at
large.
"Your editorial, therefore, interested me from
these two points of view: first that no instru-
ment unworthy of the name should be known as
a 'Reproducing Piano,' and second, that you so
faithfully made use therein of the rightful term
'Reproducing Piano,' instead of the rather slangy
and undignified derivative, 'Reproducer.'
"Let us have more editorials along the line of
that entitled 'What Is a Reproducing Piano?'
The trade at large needs such good food for
thought in order that these wonderfuf instru-
ments may be rightfully classified and thereby
awarded their rightful distinction."
The editorial, "What Is a Reproducing
Piano?", which appeared in The Review on July
23, has attracted widespread attention from both
manufacturers and retailers who realize the im-
portance and standing of the genuine reproduc-
ing piano of to-day and deplore the attempts
to have that name cover a multitude of simply
automatic player-pianos.
One of the most interesting communications
received in reference to the editorial comes from
Fred. O. Gamble, vice-president of E. Witz-
mann & Co., Memphis, Tenn., who takes occa-
sion to express some of his own views regarding
the dignity that should attach to the genuine
reproducing piano. In his letter Mr. Gamble
says:
"I am very much interested in your editorial
in the issue of July 23, 1921, entitled 'What Is a
Reproducing Piano?' As a decided impetus in
the defense of the most worthy name in the art
oi reproduction this editorial is certainly one of
the most timely, to my mind, which has appeared
in a long time.
"As you say, the name 'Reproducing Piano' has
by common consent become attached to an espe-
cially artistic class of instrument—a class which
has been developed about as far as is mechan-
ically possible at the present time. In every
case the manufacturers and the worthy inventors
who so diligently worked with the manufactur-
ers to produce these artistic instruments should
now be protected in the exclusive use of the
name 'Reproducing Piano' by every means avail-
able throughout the entire trade, both wholesale
and retail. This should be done also in all fair-
ness to the artists who desire to perpetuate their
wonderful recordings, after having spe'nt so
many long and strenuous years in preparation.
"As you surmise, likely those of the trade who
Player Action Plant in Worcester, Mass.
At the present time it is working on full-time
schedule and the orders which have been re-
ceived, according to W. R. Crippen, sales repre-
sentative of the company, are of such volume
that the plant is assured continuous operation
through the FalJ months,
NEW INCORPORATION
The Rivola Mfg. Corp., New York City, man-
ufacturer of musical instruments, has been
granted ^charter of incorporation, with a capi-
tal of $20,000. Incorporators are; Q, and H£
and J.^ Schwartz,
'*

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