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Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org,
arcade-museum.com
-- digitized with support from namm.org
THE MUSIC
TRADE REVIEW.
content of a superior workman who has been so
unfortunate as to work in a shop that has made
no profits, when he contrasted his scant earnings
with the liberal returns made to another workman,
perhaps his inferior in skill, who has beep engaged
in a lucrative business, would soon make him rebel
at the apparent injustice of the co operative method.
11
Manufacturing co-operations formed by em-
ployers of established responsibility with their fore-
man and leading workmen, who have a proper knowl-
edge of the expenses of conducting business, and full
trust in their employers' sagacity, have been of ad-
vantage to the co-operators. So far as I know these
are the only ones that have been successful. They
would be more numerous if employers could be as-
sured that the journeymen who wish to be co opera-
tors would take all the duties as well as all the privi-
leges of the new position.
"A cautions employer fears to propose co-opera-
tion when he considers the prejudices against un-
equal pay, and the peculiar notions about rights and
duties which are held by many journeymen. Men
who base their claim for full wages, not so much on
their efficiency as producers, as on the prescriptive
rights they have earned, or fancy they have earned,
by serving appre ticeship, or from membership in a
trade society—men who habitually evade the more
disagreeable duties of their bu^ness, never doing
more than is required of them—cannot be desired as
good helpers in any co-operative enterprise They
may hinder it more as partners than as journeymen.
They cannot help it.
" The larger part of the world's work Is now done,
as it has been, for fixed wages. That some of this
work is inequitably paid for maybe freely admitted ;
but with all its evils, the preference of the great
army of the employed is for fixed wages, the content
which comes from present security, and full release
from all risk and responsibility. When a larger
share of the employed will accept their fair share of
responsibility, one may begin experiments in co-
operation with more hope of success.
"This time should not be far off. Kecent events
must have shown to thinking mechanics what co-
operation in trades unions can do and what it cannot
do in the matter of wages. A year or two more of ex-
perience may be needed to complete the demonstra-
tion, and prove that the strength of an association,
whether it be a trades union or a co operative fac-
tory, is not in proportion to the number, but the
quality of its membership —not in its- large balance
in bank, nor in its prescriptive rights, nor its ability
to get gifts or loans, but in the skill, efficiency, and
fair dealing of its individual members. The thought-
ful workman must see that there are rewards for
labor which no society can get for him—rewards to
be earned by the discharge of duties which he must
do himself; that it is better for him to be expert and
active at his trade, trying to do more rather than
less than is required of him, making himself more
and more useful to his employer and to society, than
it is to lean on any association fur support or protec-
tion. It will be from the ranks of these men, and
these men only, that the successful co-operative
societies of the future will be formed."
THE SOUTHERN EXPOSITION.
HE Southern Exposition at Louisville, Ky., is a
corporation chartered by the Legislature of
the State of Kentucky. The company was
organized on October 30, 1882, and its affairs are
managed by a Board of Directors, composed of a
president, five vice-presidents, and twenty-five direc-
tors. The oost of the property owned and fully paid
for by the company is as follows : Land, $92,815.-
00; improvments, $251,646.32; operating machinery,
$45,041.42; furniture, $7,110.96; making a total of
$396,613.70. The company has other land and pro-
perty under lease and hire, which make the aggre-
gate value of property under its control and devoted
to its used exceed $500,000.00.
The exhibitions of the Southern Exposition have
been, by far, the largest and most important ever
held In the world without the aid of Government.
Financially, it has been more successful and has
more to show for the expenditure of its money, than
any exposition in the world. To-day it has beauti-
tiful and convenient exposition buildings and
grounds, with a main building of fifteen acres
area, an average interior height of forty feet,
and an exhibit space therein of six hundred
T
and seventy-seven thousand four hundred square
feet. The company owns every necessary appliance
for a great exhibition, and in one week's time could
be ready for the reception and placing of any num-
ber of exhibits. This is the only great exposition
that has ever been fully and successfully lighted in
every part at night by"electric lights, and the 'electric
light system is the laigest single plant in the world.
The exhibition hours are from 9 A. M. to 11 P. M.,
and through several seasons the average daily ad-
missions have been seventy-four hundred.
No other exposition has ever offered so much to
exhibitors at so little cost. No charge is made for
space, and no exhibit entry fee is charged. Exhibit
freight is brought by rail, without transfer, to the
doors of the main buildings, where, without cost to
the exhibitor, it is unloaded and conveyed to the
space assigned to the exhibitor, and when the goods
are unpacked, the company carries away the boxes
and cases, stores and protects them, and at the end
of the exposition delivers them to the exhibitor, and
when they are packed, conveys them to the railroad
and loads them on the cars. In addition to this, the
company accommodates its exhibitors by advancing
the freight charges on goods brought to its doors by
rail. The Southern Exposition recognizes the fact
that the exhibitor is a part of the exposition, and does
everything in its power-to contribute to the comfort,
pleasure, and profit of all its exhibitors.
The Southern Exposition presents itself as an in-
dependent, self-sustaining, and successful institu-
tion, and it invites exhibits from all parts of the
world. Its personal references are three thousand
exhibitors and a million and a half visitors, resi.
dent in various parts of the United States and
foreign countries.
At the Southern Exposition of 1886, Damrosch,
with this full grand orchestra, gives forty-eight con-
secutive concerts free to every visitor. So valuable
is the opportunity thus afforded considered by lovers
and students of music resident in Louisville, or who
come for the the purpose to reside in Louisville
during the period, that hundreds of persons holding
Exposition season tickets never mis9 a single con-
cert. The effect of these long-continued musical
treats has been to make Louisville the musical cen-
tre of the West and South, arid to give conspicuous
importance to the Southern Exposition Spring Musi-
cal Festivals.
The music hall of the Southern Exposition is one
of the most convenient and commodious in Amer-
ica. Its acoustic properties are admirable, and
at night it is brilliantly illuminated by electric
lights.
The Exposition will open on August 28th, closing
on October 23d, and bids fair to be the most inter-
esting ever held.
jected and refused to buy any of Hammond's goods
unless he gave up making these organ actions.
Then Hammond turned the action business over to
Carpenter, and Carpenter was the ostensible owner
and manager of the Carpenter organ actions, and also
the Carpenter organs. But this was simply a blind,
for it has been an open secret all the while that
Hammond himself furnished all the capital, and
really all the material. Carpenter simply furnished
his experience and his name, allowing Hammond to
reap the lion's share of the profits, amounting, I
imagine, to at least $10,000 a year. The upshot of
that, and the beginning of all this litigation, was
Hammond's attempt to form a stock company, so as
to get control of the name; but Carpenter wouldn't
agree to it, and claimed that the name was the most
valuable part of his investment; it was his, and he
was determined to stick to it. All this while the
business of the Carpenter Organ Company had been
booming, and their organs found a great sale in
every market. Failing to start the new stock com-
pany, Hammond undertook to bring Carpenter to
terms, by pressing him for debts contracted with
Hammond himself, and ended by placing him in insol-
vency. He was, of course, about the only creditor,
and Carpenter's books, I believe, showed an indebt-
edness of about $150,000, over $100,000 of which was
owed to Hammond. I think the majority of the
trade blame Hammond, for they believed he was
really carrying the business on for himself, using
Carpenter merely as a figurehead. Why, Carpenter
told me that Hammond had constant access to his
books, and really knew more about them than Car-
penter himself; he also claims that Hammond di-
rected all his public, and even some of his private
business transactions, and every one knows it was
Hammond's money that started and supported the
whole enterprise. If the truth were spoken, I believe
Hammond is a great deal more anxious to settle this
litigation than Carpenter. One reason is that Ham-
mond has several other suits pending, one or more
of them against the New York Mechanical Orguinette
Company, in which Carpenter is a witness, and his
evidence, on whichever side it is given, will probably
have a good deal of influence. Of course, as his case
stands now, it isn't likely that he will try to help
Hammond out of any of his other law scrapes. I
haven't any interest in this matter, understand,
either way, but I guess Hammond recognizes that
he is in a bad fix, and is the most anxious to get
out of it. I suppose he says he has lost over $100,-
000 in his dealings with Carpenter, but I haven't
heard him say how much he made out of the busi-
ness under Carpenter; and you'll find it amounts in
round numbers to—well, considerable."
MAMMOTH IVORY TUSKS.
A. H HAMMOND'S UNCEASING ATTEMPTS
TO ANNOY E. P. CARPENTER.
HE arrest of E. P. Carpenter by A. H. Ham-
mond, upon a requisition from Governor Kob-
inson, and his being put under $3,000 bail for
appearance in the October term, is no surprise to
those who understand Hammond's disposition The
Hammond and Carpenter litigation, the history of
which dates back a number of years is too well known
to the trade for us to again give the particulars in
full. Suffice it to say that Hammond, ever since this
case first started, has done everything in his power
to hamper Carpenter in his business, and this recent
arrest is only another attempt in this line. Mr. E.
P. Carpenter's actions have been straightforward and
honest, and having nothing to fear, we feel perfectly
satisfied that he will gladly appear at the opening of
the October term, and in a very short time prove the
injustice of the arrest.
Carpenter's bondsmen are G. W. Ingalls and Dea-
con Abiel Wilson. Mr. Ingalls, who is apparently
familiar with the twists and turnings of the Carpen-
ter and Hammond litigation, tells a story of the en-
tire transactions, and throws some light upon the
matter. He says:
" I went bail for Carpenter purely out of friend-
ship, but have no personal feeling or prejudice what,
ever against Hammond. I have known Carpenter
ever since he came to Worcester, ten or a dozen
years ago. He came then on Hammond's invitation,
and worked for Hammond, making organ actions for
some time ; in fact until such time as the trade ob-
T
E publishod a few issues ago some facts about
the ivory trade, the methods of hunting
elephants, etc. Below we give some ad-
ditional facts on the subject taken from Chambers'
Journal:
" Mammoth tusks of ivory occasionally come from
Siberia; but as these have been lying exposed for
centuries, and probably for many thousands of years,
and often buried in ice, the 'nature' has gone
out of them, and they are not fit for cutler's use.
The teeth of the walrus and hippopotamus are used
in considerable quantity, and, being of suitable size,
are used whole for making expensive carved handles.
Ivory of the best quality comes from the west coast
of Africa, under the names of Cameroon, Angola and
Gaboon ivory. This is brought down from the in-
terior, and retains a larger proportion of the ' fat'
or gelatine, from the fact, probably, that it is more
recently from the animal. In this state it is called
' green ' ivory. It is more translucent and not so
'white' as the Egyptian and other kinds, called
' white' ivory, that have been lying a longer time
and in a more sandy region, and exposed to the heat
of the sun until the animal matter has disappeared.
The excellence of the green ivory consists in its
greater toughness and in its growing white by age,
instead of yellow, as is the case with the whiter
varieties. Yet buyers of cutlery, through ignorance
of these qualities, usually prefer the whiter kinds,
which on that account are more in demand for the
Sheffield trade, and have more than doubled in price
since 1879. The sales of ivory occur every three
months at London and Liverpool, and sales are also
W