Music Trade Review

Issue: 1881 Vol. 4 N. 10

Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org, arcade-museum.com -- digitized with support from namm.org
THE
mm
With which is incorporated THE MUSIC TRADE JOURNAL.
NEW YORK, JUNE
VOL. IV.
20TH,
1S81.
No. 10
than twenty performers, and for the first time gave a foretaste of the gems of
the opera in the overture called " Toccata," which had five parts.
BY S. A. DOREMtlS.
That the theatres attached to palaces and private mansions were sumptu
ous in the extreme, we may not doubt when we recall that " The Triumph
T TNDER the soft skies of Italy, more than two hundred years ago, taste of Julius Caesar," by the artist Mantegua, whose faded grandeur forms a
l_J and talent were devising sumptuous festivities to commemorate the relic of Hampton Court, once adorned the exquisite theatre of the Duke of
brilliant bridal of Marie, a scion of the illustrious house of the Medici, and Mantua. But public theatres were now demanded, and in 1671 one was
the gallant hero of Navarre, who ruled the fair domain of France as Henry erected in Rome called "II Torre di Nona," where singers, concealed behind
IV. The stately bride had listened all her life to the bewitching melodies the scenes, had wooden figures to personate them, which in 1682 were
for which Italy was ever famous, and now a novel entertainment combining replaced by puppets of wax, modelled by Girello. Soon wondrous scenic
the drama and music must be presented in her honor, to the courtly assem- effect was produced to render a performance unrivalled, and even dancing
blage, who with the Pope's legate, Cardinal Aldobrandini, had come to wed added its meretricious charms. The fame of the opera of "Berenice" by
her by proxy, and pay her honor as a Queen of France. The services of the Domenico Freschi, performed at Padua in 1680, comes to us as a specimen
poet Guilio Caccini were enlisted, "whose merit," says a contemporary, of the taste of the period. Scenes representing the chase in royal forests,
" was known all over the world," and with the aid of the gifted musician public squares and triumphal arches arose as if by magic, while the eye was
Jacopo Veri, famed as composer, performer and vocalist, the unique per- dazzled with gorgeous state apartments, sacred temples and pavilions. The
formance of the opera " Eurydice," first won the applause of a court. All chorus of one hundred maidens, and ranks of soldiers, and armed horsemen
Sat entraced when Peri sang " with wonderful art unknown before," the were a fitting introduction to the grand triumphal procession of Berenice
touching story of Orphee's loss. Francesco Ran, a nobleman of Arezzo, •where lions were led amid the spoils of war.
represented Aminlo, amid the chorus of Dryads, and distinguished artists
At this period Pistocchi, a renowned musician, who composed operas
behind the scenes accompanied them with a limited orchestra, numbering a highly esteemed, decided to open a school in Bologna, to train vocalists for
harpsichord, viol, large guitar and lute.
the stage. He had been gifted with a marvellous voice, but lost it through
And thus on the 5th of October, 1600, was brilliantly inaugurated the dissipation. Plunged from the pinnacle of fame to the depths of poverty,
most popular diversion the world of culture has ever known, making this he secured some humble employment as a copyist of music. Thus studying
period a memorable era to the musical public. Yet few who listen to the the rules which guided the science of music, he carefully applied them, and
exquisite cavatinas, or the melting harmonies which now ring their melodi- at last was rewarded for his diligence by the recovery of his voice. After a
ous ^changes, know from what a simple beginning the modern opera was life of vicissitude, he ended his days in a convent in Bologna, and giving the
perfected.
benefit of his discoveries to youthful students in the art of music, he per-
The germ of this thought may be traced to the accomplished scholar and fected scholars whose fame was beyond all dispute.
poet Angelo Ambrogini, famous under his classic name Politiano. He will
The unscrupulous, but cultured Christina, Queen of Sweden, became
be remembered as the friend of Lorenzo the Magnificent, who felt honored during her residence in Rome, enamored with the opera, and enthusiastic-
in securing his services as perceptor for his sons, the younger of whom was ally encouraged Alessandro Scarlati and other poets whose dramas were set
destined to a career remarkable for its religious convulsions, but under to music. Thus patronized by queens and princes, composers vied rapidly
whose auspices art and learning flourished.
with each other, and in one hundred years, six hundred and fifty-eight operas
Declamation formed a prominent feature in the magnificent entertain- testified to the popularity of this charming diversion. Looking far back
ments of the Italians, and nothing so took the lovers of classical learning by to these years when music was struggling to express the most powerful
storm as the tragedy of " Orfeo," by Politiano, which in revival of the Greek emotions of the human heart, we dwell with a grateful remembrance on thia
drama, was given before the court of Mantua in 1483.. Orpheus was per- beautiful dawn of the opera, ushering in such a flood of song in our own
sonated by Baccio Ugolino, a famous Improvisatore of the day, who told his time, and earnestly ejaculate: "May its day never decline ! "
woes to the accompaniment of a lyre, while a harmonious chorus chanted the
death of Eurydice.
SIB. MAPLESON IN LONDON.
Rival claimants for this inspiration are not wanting. Cardinal Riario is
even said to have encouraged tragedies which were recited and sung as early "OEFORE the close of the late Mapleson opera season in this city, it was
as 1480. Venice also boasts of a charming representation before Henry III | > rumored that the present Spring season in London would probably be
of France, who in 1574 passed through the city on his return from Polond. the last campaign of that famous impresario in the English capital. Various
The poet Alfonso della Viola, assisted by the musician Zarlino, succeeded in circumstances, now indicate that the rumor will prove to be correct, and by
an attractive combination, which gave promise of the musical treats in a dis- natural sequence the New York public will look with interest to see what is
tant future. Lovers of music will, however, enshrine in their memory, the to be the future course of Mr. Mapleson's management in this country.
names of three noblemen, Giovanni Bardi, Pietro Strozzi, and Jacopo Corfi, Certainly no manager was ever treated with more generous forbearance, alike
who first stimulated the popular poet Ottavio Rinuccini, and the composer by the public, the press, and the artists, than Mr. Mapleson. His failures
and vocalist Peri, to attempt a finished production of verse and song. and his substitutions, his broken promises and his unfortunate methods,
" Dafne " was the result, which when performed at the mansion of Jacopo have been passed by with silent shrugs or very moderate complaints, but it
Corfi, in 1597, created such a profound sensation that the authors quickly would seem that this conditions of things is not likely to continue much
produced " Eurydice," to which reference has been made, and "Ariana." longer. In advance of the London season, which was opened on the 7th of
Rome caught the inspiration, and musical dramas became the fashion for May, a preliminary announcement was made of the engagement of several
private entertainments. " II Guico della Gieca," exhibited in honor of Car- prominent artists, notably Mme. Gerster and Signor Campanini, though it
dinal Monte and Archduke Ferdinand, won the verdict that never had such was perfectly well known that both were to remain in this country to sing at
wonderful applause been excited, especially when the exquisite tones of the Musical Festival and to fulfill other engagements. The London public,
Signora Archilci drew tears from the audience.
however, found out on the arrival of the troupe in England that, with a few
But this enchanting and novel entertainment was not to be monopolized exceptions, it was composed of decidedly ordinary material, that the princi-
by the rich and the great, for the gay inhabitants of Rome, who looked for- pal attractions were conspicuous by their absence, and that the paucity of
ward to the Carnival as the grand annual amusement of the land, determined the company and its limited repertoire by no means justified the magnilo-
in 1606 to introduce the popular feature of the day. A moveable stage was quent promises of the prospectus. But it is now pretty well known on both
readily improvised, and as it drove through the crowded streets, a vast sides of the Atlantic that Mr. Mapleson is nothing if not a manager of
throng from four until midnight followed the performers, while five voices promises, and his grand, comprehensive schemes, which read well, will
and five instruments discoursed in melting strains of the griefs and joys of hardly again attract as much attention as before. In place of such eminent
lyric artists as were promised, the principal singers who are brought forward
brave heroes, and fair heroines.
The city of Bologna far famed for its university and scholarly attain- at Her Majesty's Theatre are Mile. Gabbi, whose professional reputation
ments, in 1616 announced a performance of Rinuccini's " Eurydice," which rests on the slender foundation of a success in Havana, and who does not
drew so great a crowd that an eye-witness declared '' never was seen such a seem to have met with much favor; Mme. di Murska, who long ago passed
concourse and such enthusiasm " since the days of the wicked and extrava- into the list of the ghosts of opera singers; Mile. Dotti, who, under an
gant Emperor Vitellius Caesar, who lulled to rest the hatred of the populace American name, (Mrs. Swift,) has been received with silent wonder both in
New York and London, together with Runcio and Ravelli as tenors. Now,
with his gladiatorial combats and luxurious public games.
The public taste was gratified with a new sensation when in 1649 an this seems decidedly thin in view of the number of available artists of pro-
Aria was composed for the first time in the opera of " Giasone," arranged by nounced merit, and if the London press and public submit to it they are
Cavalle. Taking for his text the sketch of Count Ugolino by Dante, he either to be commended for their good nature or condemmed for their in-
sought to portray the touching story in heart-searching tones to the accom- difference to what is best in musical art.
paniment of the viol. The " Lamentations of Jeremiah " furnished him with
The failure of the scheme to build a new opera house on the Thames
an equally pathetic text, and the success of these exquisite melodies led embankment, which is definitely announced, (it having been decided to
Giulio Caccini Romano to compose passages suitable for the marvellous make a hotel of the structure,) is another unfortunate circumstance in the
voice of his daughter.
business management of the impresario, but perhaps the most serious ob-
The difficulty in producing a musical drama designed for distinguished stacle in the way of his future success is his inability to preserve harmonious
soloists was one great reason for the slow progress made in this charming relations with his artists. Certain peculiarities of temperament, which are
feature of the opera, for as the success depended almost entirely on the abnormally developed, and which are too well known to require further
artists, the effect was lost unless the original vocalists were present.
mention, have, it is said, made it impossible for some of the most valuable
Genius, now striving for perfection, increased the orchestra to more performers to remain with him. It was an open secret here last season that
THE DAWN OF THE OPEEA.
Music Trade Review -- © mbsi.org, arcade-museum.com -- digitized with support from namm.org
June 20th, 1881.
THE MUSICAL CRITIC AND TRADE REVIEW.
146
in several instances there was no communication between the manager and
certain artists except in writing or through the medium of a third person.
This condition naturally leads to the question what is to be the outcome of
Mr. Mapleson's next season in New York. There are a number of favorities
whom he cannot engage. If he expects that people are going to pay money
to listen to di Murska and Runcio he must be suffering under a singular
form of delusion! He will have to meet the powerful rivalry of Mme.
Adelina Patti, as that distinguished singer will sail for this country in
October. Something more than promises will be necessary this time, and a
repetition of last year's preliminary circular will hardly be considered satis-
factory. If heannounces "L'Africaine," "LesHuguenots," "LeProphete,"
"Lohengrin," " William Tell," and "Fidelio," we don't want to be put off
with continued repetitions of "Linda" and "Sonnambula." The latest
English papers announce that at the conclusion of the London season the
company will sing in Manchester, Liverpool, Dublin, and Cork, and will sail
for New York from Queenstown on the steamer City of Berlin, Sept. 27.
In his farewell speech, at the conclusion of the last season, it will be
remembered that Mr. Mapleson made a non-committal statement as to his
intentions for the future. He said he should return in the Pall with "the
best available talent." If he carries out this promise he may rely on gener-
ous encouragement, but he must not count on our inability to know what the
" best available talent" is, not flatter himself that broken-down singers and
second-rate performers will prove attractive.—New York Times, June 3rd.
RECEPTION BY MME. GERSTER.
Moscow he aroused a lively enthusiasm. While in Russia he composed a
concerto, which was superior to his other productions and the authorship of
which was for a long time disputed. Between the years 1840 and 1843 he
revisited Brussels and Paris, passed through Holland and Germany, and
traveled in Poland. He then sailed for America arriving here in 1843 and
achieving a success, which he subsequently supplemented by reaping fresh
laurels in Russia. In 1858 he and Mile. Carlotta Patti gave a series of con-
certs in Paris and in the Provinces.
His second visit to this country was made in 1855, but it was not until
1870 that his greatest success was made here. In that year he came to New
York as a member of the concert troupe of which Christine Nilsson was the
chief attraction. With him were associated, besides Mme. Nilsson, Mr.
James M. Wehli, the eminent pianist; Signori Brignoli and Verger, and
Miss Annie Louise Cary. This company gave their first concert at Steinway
Hall, on the evening of Sept. 19, 1870. Mr. Vieuxtemps played twice, both
times selections from his own compositions. He was warmly received by
the audience.
In 1845 Mr. Vieuxtemps was married to Josephine Eder, of Vienna, who
was also a musical prodigy in her youth. She began playing the piano
when very young, and gave several concerts at Prague, Berlin, and other
cities. She then studied for the operatic stage, and sang, in 1835, at Vienna,
in " Les Noces," in " Norma." She subsequently appeared in several char-
acters in Manheim, Cassel, and other places. When she was married to Mr.
Vieuxtemps, she left the stage and accompanied her husband in his travels.
She died in June, 1868.
R. GARDINI and his wife, Mme. Etelka Gerster-Gardini, who sailed for
THE LONDON PHILHARMONIC SOCIETY.
Europe on the steamer Germanic at 10 o'clock on the morning of
HE
fifth
Philharmonic
Concert of the current (69th) season attracted a
June 4, gave a reception to a select company of their friends the evening
very large audience. The rapidly increasing popularity attained by
before. It was held in the private parlors at the Everett House, which the Society
the remodeling and enlargement of its orchestra, and the
•were handsomely decorated with flowers for the occasion, and lasted from 8 institution of since
a double rehearsal preparatory to each concert, found specially
o'clock until 10:30, the parlors being crowded throughout that time. Some gratifying illustration
in the fact that before the doors were opened all the
70 invitations were sent out, and many prominent persons not specially
seats were taken, and it became necessary to admit the public to the
invited called to tender their congratulations to the prima donna and to wish cheaper
of the orchestra. The programme contained an interesting novelty, a
her ban voyage. Many telegrams sending good wishes were received from back
" Sinfonietta " by Mr. Frederic Cowen, composed by him at the invitation
persons unable to attend. The floral gifts from friends of Mme. Gerster of
the Philharmonic Society. The work is short—occupying only fifteen
•were very handsome, the most prominent being a large and beautiful star minutes
in performance—but contains bright, melodious, and poetical
sent by Mrs. Napoleon J. Haines, Jr. Another very pretty memento of themes, happily
out and embellished with picturesque instrumen-
friendship was a large plaque, imbedded in rich maroon velvet and orna- tation. In his wrought
"Scandinavian Symphony" and his "Language of the
mented with a portrait in oil of Mme. Gerster's little daughter. It was sent Flowers," Mr. Cowen
has recently shown a marked and gratifying develop-
by a young lady friend of the prima donna. Mme. Gerster passed the even- ment of power in the employment
of orchestral resources. His instrumen-
ing in the pleasant duty of receiving the good wishes and in shaking hands tation in the new " Sinfonietta " elicited
the spontaneous and hearty admira-
and chatting with the many ladies and gentlemen who called. She has tion of skilled musicians, and the originality
of the work was none the less
learned to speak English since her first visit here, and talks it with charming remarkable and gratifying because undisfigured
by the erratic vagaries which
naivete. She was called upon to exchange greetings in German and French some modern composers appear to suppose will be
by connoisseurs
as well as in English, as many of her visitors were of the former nationalities. as tokens of genius. The " Sinfonietta " is not only accepted
but symmetrical,
There were some pretty toilets worn by the ladies, and Mme. Gerster her- and adheres to " form " as closely as the limits of its original
outline permitted. Mr.
self was attired in an elegant dress of cieam-colored satin, cut with a long Cowen conducted the performance of his new composition,
at its con-
flowing train and ornamented at the neck with rich lace and a large bouquet clusion was recalled to the platform and heartily applauded and
by the musicians
of fragrant Jacqueminot roses. A fine collation was served at 9:30 o'clock. and amateurs who filled the hall. The programme also included
Beethoven's
Among those present were August Belmont, Arthur Leary, T. B. Musgrave, 8th Symphony; Chopin's Second Pianoforte Concerto—solo pianist,
Mile.
Mr. and Mme. Beaumont, F. Schirmer, Mrs. and Miss Remsen, Mr. and Vera Timanoff, who was warmly and deservedly applauded; Mendelssohn's
Mrs. Seguin, Mme. Bodestein, Mr. Moderati, Isaac Henderson, Jr., Mr. and Violin Concerto—the solo violin part capitally played by M. Ovide Musin,
Mrs. N. J. Haines, Jr., Miss Dehon, Dr. F. Zinser, Dr. Jacobi, and Mr. who was received with great favour; the overtures to "Oberon " and "Die
Villa.
Zauberflote;" and vocal selections, sung by those accomplished artists Mine.
Sembrich and Mme. Trebelli, who were both greeted with enthusiastic
AMERICAN MUSIC IN GERMANY.
plaudits in acknowledgment of their exquisite vocalisation. Mr. W. G.
WO years ago J. S. Potter, who was then the American Consul in Stutt- Cusins conducted in admirable style, and the concert was in all respects suc-
gart, presented Prince Carl of Prussia with a selection of American cessful.—Illustrated Sporting Dramatic News, London.
music, including the national airs, some of the negro melodies, and several
war pieces which became famous during the Rebellion. These Carl arranged
MUSICAL MYTHOLOaY.
to suit himself, and had published for military and concert music. They
have since become very popular, and are to be found in most of the music N all ages and among all races, the human ear seems to have been most
stores throughout Germany. At the grand military manoeuvres and review
deeply impressed by the voice of the waves, whether in the ripple of the
of a portion of the German army before the Emperor, the Crown Prince, the brook or the roar of the ocean, and the wind has at once been thought of in
King of Wurtemberg, etc., which took place about a year ago near Stuttgart, music in connection with the sound. The large number of musical water-
the troops marched past the Emperor and his suite to the music of these Amer- gods and nymphs, sirens, loreleys, nixies, and mermaids, attest this fact be-
ican airs, played by Carl's band: " Marching Through Georgia," "Tramp, yond a doubt. The ancient poets might not, like Rubinstein, have burst
tramp, the Boys," " Dixie," "Rally Round the Flag, Boys," " Bonnie Blue forth with an Ocean Symphony, but they rhapsodized in metaphor upon the
Flag," "Who's that Knocking? " " Swanee River," " When Johnnie Comes music and musical deities of the deep. We can judge how far these legends
Marching Home," and other familiar melodies arranged as a pot-pourri. They have extended into modern times, when we learn that there is a family
were played as they never were played before except by this famous band. named Neckar still living in Sweden, who are supposed to have studied
Every one was delighted; it was something new, inspiring and enlivening. music of the water-necks, or nixies, and to have become especially gifted
Officers and men were almost wild as with a new inspiration. Even the thereby. Odin, the northern god, was supposed to have been one of the
Emperor and his suite could with difficulty keep quiet in their saddles. great musicians of the sea; and many northern sagas exist, relating hia
Finally the Emperor sent an officer to inquire of Carl what music he was abilities.
flaying. Returning from hia errand, the officer doffed his brass helmet hat
A curious fact in connection with the mythologic music of the sea is that
and, bowing low, said: "He says it is American music, your Majesty."
the instrument used was almost invariably the harp. Whether the legend
"Return and tell him to repeat it," said the Emperor.
belongs to Greece, to Germany, to Sweden, or to India, the supernatural
musician always was supposed to use this instrument, or at least one of its
class. The connection between the plash of water and the sound of music
OBITUARY.
is, of course, easily established; but to ascertain the reason of the appear-
HENEI VIEUXTEMPS.
ance of the harp only, in all the ancient musical water-legends, is a more
DISPATCH from Paris announces the death of Henri Vieuxtemps, the difficult enigma, and one which we will not attempt to solve.
celebrated Belgian violinist and composer. He was born at Verviers
There is certainly a large field open to the investigator who will
on the 20th of February, 1820, and was the son of an old soldier and tuner of attempt
to solve the ethnological facts contained in musical mythology.
musical instruments. At a very early age he displayed remarkable musical
—L. C. E., in Boston Musical Herald.
talents and his precocity in this direction attracted the attention of an ama-
teur who undertook to educate him, and placed him under the care of M.
ARBUCKLE AT CONEY ISLAND.
Leclou, Professor of Music. At the age of 8 years Vieuxtemps played in pub-
lic in several Belgian towns, and De Beriot, who was amazed at the boy's A RBUCKLE and his famous band, will commence their superb con-
talent, gave him lessons for several months. Later on, he became a pupil XA. certs on the Peoples' New Pier.jConey Island, about the 25th of June.
also of Reicha. The greater part of his life was spent in a series of travels Mr. A. has gathered round him a group of the finest instrumentalists in the
over Europe, studying and giving exhibitions of his marvelous skill. In country, including a band of soloists on all the principal instruments, but the
1830 he visited Paris, where he played and was received with thunders of specialty of the band will be " Ensemble Playing." The visitors to the New
applause. He was the musical lion of the day, and his society was much Pier may expect a rare treat, as Mr. A. is preparing a series of magnificent
sought after by the best classes. The following year he went to Vienna, programmes, and besides conducting the band, he will perform one of his
•where the same cordial reception was given him. When he visited London, favorite solos at each concert.
however, the people were not able to appreciate his talent and he did not
meet with an immediate success; but new achievements in Paris, Vienna,
Miss Emma Thursby sang May 28 in the Opera House, Madrid, before
and Brussels awakened even the English public to a sense of his artistic the King and Queen, the infantas and a select court audience. She was
ability. During his continued traveling he found time to study composi- warmly applauded and encored. Miss Thursby and Mr. Strakosch had an
tion, and published his first works. When he visited St. Petersburg and audience with the King and Queen at the palace the same day.
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